arch

一、真题好句
选择性必修1000 全国卷频次:0 教材出处:译林版选必修B1U2
/ɑːtʃ/ /ɑːrtʃ/
n.&v.
拱门，拱形 & 成为弓形；以拱跨越
真题原句提选：
After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect, wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone.
Many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.

二、词组｜习惯用语
arch bridge 拱形桥
arch dam 拱坝，拱形坝
aortic arch 主动脉弓；织脉弓
arch rib 拱肋
stone arch 石拱
vertebral arch 椎弓；椎体
arch support 足弓垫；护弓具；拱形支架
zygomatic arch 颧弓
triumphal arch n. 凯旋门
arch crown 拱顶
arch truss 拱形桁架
marble arch 大理石拱门（有名的伦敦标志）
round arch 半圆拱
pointed arch 尖拱；尖券
memorial arch 牌坊
circular arch 圆拱
arch over 拱悬于之上；把拱盖起来
pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根
arch axis 拱形轴
gothic arch 哥特式尖拱

三、词根记忆
arch
n.
拱門,橋拱洞v.拱起,(使)變成弓形The detective detected that the arch was under the marching Arctic architects’ protection.偵察察覺拱門受到行進的北極建築師們的保護.
n.
拱形[arc(h)=bow,表示”弓”]

arch
arch / B:tF; NAmE B:rtF /
noun
1. a curved structure that supports the weight of sth above it, such as a bridge or the upper part of a building
拱(支撑如桥梁或房屋上部的弧形结构)
2. a structure with a curved top that is supported by straight sides, sometimes forming an entrance or built as a monument
拱门:
Go through the arch and follow the path.
穿过拱门沿小径往前走。
Marble Arch is a famous London landmark.
大理石拱门是伦敦著名的标志性建筑。
3. the raised part of the foot formed by a curved section of bones
足背；足弓
4. anything that forms a curved shape at the top
拱形；拱形物:
the delicate arch of her eyebrows
她那弯弯的柳眉
verb
1. if you arch part of your body, or if it arches, it moves and forms a curved shape
(使)成弓形
▪ [VN] The cat arched its back and hissed.
猫弓起背发出嘶嘶声。
▪ [also V] 2. [V] to be in a curved line or shape across or over sth
呈拱形覆盖；呈弧形横跨:
Tall trees arched over the path.
大树呈拱形遮阴了小道。
adjective
[usually before noun] (often disapproving) seeming amused because you know more about a situation than other people
调皮的；淘气的:
an arch tone of voice
调皮的语气
• arch·ly adv.:
‘Guess what?’ she said archly.
“猜猜看？”她调皮地说道。

arch1 /ɑːtʃ $ ɑːrtʃ/ ●●○ noun [countable] 1. arch.jpga structure with a curved top and straight sides that supports the weight of a bridge or building 拱〔支撑桥梁或建筑物的弧形结构〕 → See picture of ARCH 拱 → See picture of 见图 arch
2. a curved structure above a door, window etc 〔门、窗上的〕拱
3. a curved structure of bones in the middle of your foot 足弓，足背
4. something with a curved top and straight sides 弓状物；拱形物
arch2 verb [intransitive, transitive] to form or make something form a curved shape （使）拱起，（使）成拱形
Two rows of trees arched over the driveway.
车道两旁树木交错，形成一个拱顶。
The dog arched its back.
那条狗弓起了背。
arch3 adjective
amused because you think you understand something better than other people 淘气的；调皮的
‘I think he’s in for a surprise, ’ Ian said, in a somewhat arch tone.
“我想他很快就会感到惊讶的。”伊恩略带调侃地说道。
—archly adverb
arch- /ɑːtʃ, ɑːk $ ɑːrtʃ, ɑːrk/ prefix
belonging to the highest class or rank 最高等级的；主要的
an archbishop (=an important bishop)
大主教
our archenemy (=our worst enemy)
我们的头号敌人
the company’s arch-rivals (=main competitors)
公司的主要竞争对手
Origin arch- Old French Latin arch-, archi-, from Greek, from archein “to begin, rule” arch1 (1200-1300) Old French arche, from Latin arcus; → ARC arch3 (1500-1600) arch- in such combinations as arch-rogue and arch-villain

arch ★★☆☆☆
1.N-COUNT 可数名词拱;拱门;拱形结构 An arch is a structure that is curved at the top and is supported on either side by a pillar, post, or wall.
2.N-COUNT 可数名词弧形;弧形运动 An arch is a curved line or movement.
3.N-COUNT 可数名词足弓;足背 The arch of your foot is the curved section at the bottom in the middle.
4.V-ERG 及物/不及物动词弓着,佝着（背）等 If you arch a part of your body such as your back or if it arches, you bend it so that it forms a curve.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：Also V
Don’t arch your back, keep your spine straight.

别佝着背，把腰挺直。

5.V-ERG 及物/不及物动词（表示惊奇或不赞同）扬起（眉毛） If you arch your eyebrows or if they arch, you move them upwards as a way of showing surprise or disapproval.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：Also V

【STYLE标签】：LITERARY 文
‘Oh really?’ he said, arching an eyebrow.

“哦，真的吗？”他扬起一边的眉毛说。

6.VERB 动词拱起；成弓形；呈弧形运动 If something arches in a particular direction, it makes a curved line or movement.

【语法信息】：V adv/prep
I gazed up at the domed ceiling arching overhead.

我抬头凝望着上方弧形的穹顶。

7.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词神秘的；淘气的；调皮的 An arch look is mysterious and mischievous.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
Both of them looked at him with that curious, slightly amused and even arch expression.

他们俩都看着他，带着一副好奇的、有点觉得好笑甚至是淘气的表情。

archly
She looked at me rather archly.

她有些调皮地看着我。

8.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词傲慢自大的 If you say that someone is arch, you are criticizing them for talking or behaving as if they are better or more important than other people.

【语用信息】：disapproval
Their attempts to be casual have so far just looked arch or patronising.

他们本想做出漫不经心的样子，结果反而显得傲慢自大或自视甚高。

archly
‘You can’t fool me,’ Shirley said archly.

“你骗不了我，”雪莉傲慢地说。

9.See also:arched;

1 arch /ˈɑɚtʃ/ noun
plural arches [count] 1
: a usually curved part of a structure that is over an opening and that supports a wall or other weight above the opening拱；拱门
2
: the raised area on the bottom of the foot that is formed by a curved section of bones足弓 — see picture at foot
3
: something that has a curved shape拱形物
There was a slight arch to her eyebrows.
她微皱着眉头。
an arch in the cat’s back
那只猫背部的拱起
2 arch /ˈɑɚtʃ/ verb
arches; arched; arching
: to bend into the shape of an arch : curve（使）成弓形
[+ object] She arched her arm/back/neck.
她将手臂/背/脖子弓起来。
The cat arched its back.
那只猫弓起了背。
She arched her eyebrows in surprise.
她惊讶地竖起眉毛。
[no object] A tree arches over the road.
一棵树弯向路面。
She arched backward to begin the exercise.
她向后弯腰开始锻炼。
— arched adjective
the cat’s arched back
那只猫弓起的背
her arched eyebrows
她竖起的眉毛
arched ceilings/doorway/gateway/roof/windows
拱形的天花板/门口/门道/屋顶/窗户
3 arch /ˈɑɚtʃ/ adjective
: having or showing an amused feeling of being superior to or knowing more than other people调皮的；说教似的
an arch look
调皮的表情
a politician known for his arch humor
以说教似的幽默著称的政治家
The novel is never mocking or arch in its tone.
这部小说从来不使用嘲讽或说教的语调。
— archly adverb
an archly playful reply
玩笑似的调皮回答
an essay with an archly comic title
标题调皮滑稽的文章
— archness noun [noncount]