before

一、真题好句
before 义务阶段1500 全国卷频次:219
/bɪˈfɔː/ /bɪˈfɔːr/
prep. ad.&conj.
在…以前；在…前面 & 以前 & 在…之前
高考真题原句提选：
Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
It was only after he had read the papers that Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other.
We had guests last night who had not stayed in a B&B hotel before.

二、词组｜习惯用语
before and after 前后，之前之后
than before 比以前
as before 如以前
before long 不久以后
ever before 以前；从前
than ever before 比以往任何时候更…
from before 从…以前
go before 居先；走在前面
on or before 截至；在或在…以前
before all 尤其，特别

三、词根记忆

before
prep.
(指時間)在…以前,在..前面,在..之前They’ve seen that long before.他們早就看過那個了.
在前面(be+fore前面)[be-②構成一些介詞①構成動詞,表示”使…成為”]

be·fore / bi5fC:(r) /
preposition
1. earlier than sb / sth
在…以前:
before lunch
午餐前
the day before yesterday
前天
The year before last he won a gold medal, and the year before that he won a silver.
他前年得了一枚金牌,大前年得了一枚银牌。
She’s lived there since before the war.
她从战前起就一直住在那里。
He arrived before me.
他比我先到。
She became a lawyer as her father had before her.
像她父亲先前一样,她成了一名律师。
Leave your keys at reception before departure.
离开前请把钥匙留在服务枱。
Something ought to have been done before now.
先前就该采取措施了。
We’ll know before long (= soon).
我们很快就会知道了。
Turn left just before (= before you reach) the bank.
在快到银行时向左拐。
2. (rather formal) used to say that sb / sth is in a position in front of sb / sth
在…面前(或前面):
They knelt before the throne.
他们跪在御座前。
Before you is a list of the points we have to discuss.
放在你面前的是一份我们所要讨论的要点。
⇨ compare behind prep. (1)
3. used to say that sb / sth is ahead of sb / sth in an order or arrangement
(次序或排列)在前面:
Your name is before mine on the list.
名单上你的名字在我之前。
He puts his work before everything (= regards it as more important than anything else).
他一切以工作为重。
4. used to say that sth is facing sb in the future
(表示面临或临近):
The task before us is a daunting one.
我们所面临的任务令人胆怯。
The whole summer lay before me.
整个夏季正等待着我。
5. in the presence of sb who is listening, watching, etc.
当面:
He was brought before the judge.
他被带上法庭。
She said it before witnesses.
她当着证人的面讲出这事。
They had the advantage of playing before their home crowd.
他们有在主场观众面前比赛的优势。
6. (formal) used to say how sb reacts when they have to face sb / sth
(表示面对某人、某事时的反应):
They retreated before the enemy.
面对强敌,他们只好撤退。
conjunction
1. earlier than the time when
在…以前:
Do it before you forget.
尽早动手,免得忘了。
Did she leave a message before she went?
她走之前留言了吗？
2. until
到…为止；到…之前:
It may be many years before the situation improves.
这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。
It was some time before I realized the truth.
过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。
3. used to warn or threaten sb that sth bad could happen
以免；不然:
Put that away before it gets broken.
把它收好,免得砸碎了。
4. (formal) rather than
(宁可…而)不愿:
I’d die before I apologized!
我宁愿死也不道歉！
adverb
at an earlier time; in the past; already
以前；过去；已经:
You should have told me so before.
你早该告诉我的。
It had been fine the week before (= the previous week).
前一个星期天气很好。
That had happened long before (= a long time earlier).
那是很早以前的事了。
I think we’ve met before.
我觉得我们以前见过面。

before1 /bɪˈfɔː $ -ˈfɔːr/ ●●● S1 W1 conjunction
1  earlier than a particular event or action 在…以前 OPP after
Say goodbye before you go.
你走之前要告别。
I saw her a few days before she died.
她去世的前几天我见过她。
2  so that something does not or cannot happen 在…发生之前，以防
Put that money somewhere safe before it gets stolen.
把那些钱放在安全的地方，以防被窃。
That dog ought to be destroyed before it attacks any more children.
那条狗应该宰掉，免得它伤害更多的孩子。
Before I could say anything more, Holmes had rushed off towards the station.
没等我把话说完，福尔摩斯已经急匆匆离去，直奔车站了。
3  used to say that something happens after a period of time …之后才
It was several minutes before we realised what was happening.
几分钟以后我们才明白发生了什么事情。
It will be a while before we know the results.
我们要过一会儿才能知道结果。
4  used to say that something must happen in order for something else to be possible 在…之前〔必须做某事〕，…之后才能
You have to pass a test before you can get a licence.
你得通过考试才能拿到执照。
5  spoken used to warn someone that something bad will happen to them if they do not do something 要不然，否则〔表示警告〕
Get out before I call the police!
滚出去，要不然我叫警察了！
6  used to emphasize that someone does not want to do something 〔宁可…〕也不愿
She would die before she would admit she was wrong.
她死也不肯承认自己有错。
 GRAMMAR 语法
before2 ●●● S1 W1 preposition
1  earlier than something or someone 〔时间上〕在…以前 OPP after
The new road should be completed before the end of the year.
这条新公路应该在年底前完工。
Let’s meet at our house before the show.
看演出前在我们家碰头吧。
Larry arrived home before me.
拉里在我之前到家。
five minutes/two hours etc before something
Hugh arrived just five minutes before the ceremony.
修在仪式开始前五分钟才到。
before doing something
I usually take a shower before having my breakfast.
我通常先洗个澡再吃早餐。
We only got back from Scotland the day before yesterday (=two days ago).
我们前天才从苏格兰回来。
Other students joined in the protest, and before long (=soon) there was a crowd of 200 or so.
其他学生也加入了抗议队伍，不久就有200人左右了。
2  ahead of someone or something else in a list or order 〔名单或次序上〕较…为先，在…之前 OPP after
You were before me in the queue.
你排在我前面。
The files are in alphabetical order, so B1 comes before C1.
文件是按字母顺序摆放的，所以B1在C1之前。
3  used to say that something happens where it can be watched by people 在…面前，当着…的面 SYN in front of
Italy will face Brazil this afternoon before a crowd of 100,000 spectators.
今天下午意大利队将在10万名观众面前迎战巴西队。
an actor who had performed before the Queen
曾在女王面前献演的一名演员
4  used to say that someone or something comes to be judged or considered by a person or group of people 摆在…面前；供…考虑
5  used to say that one thing or person is considered more important than another 〔重要性〕在…之前，比…更重要
6  formal in front of something or someone 在…前面
7  if one place is before another place on a road or journey, the first place is nearer to you than the second, so you will reach it first 〔路上或旅途中的某个地方〕在〔另一个地方〕前面 OPP after
8  formal if there is a job or situation before you, you will have to do the job or face the situation 〔工作或局面〕摆在…面前 SYN ahead of
9  formal if a period of time is before you, it is about to start and you can do what you want during it 〔指一段时间〕临近 SYN in front of
 THESAURUS
before3 ●●● S1 W1 adverb
1  at an earlier time 先前，从前，以前
2  the day/week/month etc before the previous day, week, month etc 前一天/一个星期/一个月等 OPP after
3  old use ahead of someone or something else 在前面
Origin before2 Old English beforan, from foran “before”, from fore; → FORE-

before ★★★★★
In addition to the uses shown below, before is used in the phrasal verbs ‘go before’ and ‘lay before’.

除下列用法外，before 还可用于 go before 和 lay before 等短语动词中。

1.PREP 介词（时间上）在…之前，早于 If something happens before a particular date, time, or event, it happens earlier than that date, time, or event. →see usage note at:ago
Annie was born a few weeks before Christmas…

安妮出生在圣诞节前几周。

Before World War II, women were not recruited as intelligence officers…

在第二次世界大战之前，女性不能当情报人员。

My husband rarely comes to bed before 2 or 3am.

我丈夫很少在凌晨两三点之前睡觉。

Before is also a conjunction.
Stock prices climbed close to the peak they’d registered before the stock market crashed.

股价几乎攀升到了股市崩盘前的历史最高位。

2.PREP 介词在（做某事）之前 If you do one thing before doing something else, you do it earlier than the other thing.

【搭配模式】：PREP -ing
He spent his early life in Sri Lanka before moving to England…

在移居英格兰之前，他早年是在斯里兰卡度过的。

Before leaving, he went into his office to fill in the daily time sheet.

离开前，他到自己的办公室填写了日常考勤表。

Before is also a conjunction.
He took a cold shower and then towelled off before he put on fresh clothes.

他冲了个凉水澡，用毛巾擦干身子后换上了新衣服。

3.ADV 副词在（某时间或某事）以前 You use before when you are talking about time. For example, if something happened the day before a particular date or event, it happened during the previous day.

【搭配模式】：n ADV

【搭配模式】：n PREP n
The war had ended only a month or so before.

战争大约一个月前才刚刚结束。

Before is also a preposition.
It’s interesting that he sent me the book twenty days before the deadline for my book.

有趣的是，他在我的书到期前20天把那本书送给了我。

Before is also a conjunction.
Kelman had a book published in the US more than a decade before a British publisher would touch him.

克尔曼早在英国出版商同他接触前十多年就已经在美国出版过一本书了。

4.CONJ-SUBORD 连词在（他人做某事）之前 If you do something before someone else can do something, you do it when they have not yet done it.
Before Gallacher could catch up with the ball, Nadlovu had beaten him to it.

加拉赫还没来得及追上球，纳德洛武就已经抢先一步触到球了。

5.ADV 副词以前；以往；过去 If someone has done something before, they have done it on a previous occasion. If someone has not done something before, they have never done it.

【搭配模式】：ADV after v
I’ve been here before…

我以前来过这儿。

I had met Professor Lown before…

我以前见过劳恩教授。

She had never been to Italy before.

她以前从来没有去过意大利。

6.CONJ-SUBORD 连词（直到…）才；（过了…）才 If there is a period of time or if several things are done before something happens, it takes that amount of time or effort for this thing to happen.
It was some time before the door opened in response to his ring.

他按完门铃后过了一会儿门才打开。

7.CONJ-SUBORD 连词（必须先具备某一条件）才能；在…之前（必须具备某一条件） If a particular situation has to happen before something else happens, this situation must happen or exist in order for the other thing to happen.
There was additional work to be done before all the troops would be ready.

在全军准备就绪之前，还有一些杂事必须处理。

8.PREP 介词（方位）在…前面，在…面前 If someone is before something, they are in front of it.

【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式
They drove through a tall iron gate and stopped before a large white villa.

他们开车穿过一个大铁门，在一栋白色的大别墅前面停了下来。

9.PREP 介词（所经位置）在…前面 If you tell someone that one place is a certain distance before another, you mean that they will come to the first place first.
The turn is about two kilometres before the roundabout.

拐弯就在环岛前面约2公里处。

10.PREP 介词面对…（回答质询） If you appear or come before an official person or group, you go there and answer questions.
The Governor will appear before the committee next Tuesday.

下周二，州长将接受委员会的质询。

11.PREP 介词当着…的面；在…注视之下 If something happens before a particular person or group, it is seen by or happens while this person or this group is present.
The game followed a colourful opening ceremony before a crowd of seventy-four thousand.

绚丽多彩的开幕式过后，这场比赛在74,000名观众的瞩目之下开始了。

12.PREP 介词摆在…面前；使面对；使面临 If you have something such as a journey, a task, or a stage of your life before you, you must do it or live through it in the future.

【搭配模式】：PREP pron
Everyone in the room knew it was the single hardest task before them…

房间里所有人都清楚，摆在他们面前的是最为艰巨的任务。

I saw before me an idyllic life.

展现在我眼前的是充满诗情画意的生活。

13.PREP 介词（重要性）超过；比…重要 When you want to say that one person or thing is more important than another, you can say that they come before the other person or thing.

【搭配模式】：v PREP n
Her husband, her children, and the Church came before her needs.

丈夫、孩子和教会都比她本人的需求重要。

14. before long→see: long;

1 before /bɪˈfoɚ/ adverb
1
: at an earlier time以前；过去
Haven’t we met before?
我们以前没见过吗？
the night/day before
前一晚/天
I’ve never seen her so happy before. [=I’ve never seen her as happy as she is now] 我之前从未见过她如此高兴。
We haven’t had these problems before.
我们以前从未碰到过这些问题。
Everything is just as (it was) before.
一切如故。
2
formal + old-fashioned : to or toward the place where someone is going : in advance向前；在前边
marching on before [=ahead] 向前行进
2 before /bɪˈfoɚ/ preposition
1
a : at a time preceding (something or someone) : earlier than (something or someone)（时间）在…之前，早于
We arrived shortly before six o’clock.
我们快到六点时到达的。
before dinner
晚饭前
He left just before sunrise.
他刚好在天亮之前离开了。
I’ve never seen her so happy before now.
我之前从未见过她如此高兴。
Call me before your arrival.
你快到时给我打电话吧。
She arrived the day before yesterday.
她是前天到的。
Why haven’t you ever helped me before now/this?
你在此之前怎么从来没有帮助过我呢？
I finished the exam before him. [=before he finished the exam] 我比他先考完试。
You can go before me. [=before I go] 你可以比我早走。
He’s an electrician, like his father before him. [=his father was also an electrician] 他是电工，他父亲以前也是电工。
They earned 50,000 dollars before (paying) taxes.
他们的税前收入是5万美元。
b US — used to describe a time earlier than a specified hour在（某个钟点）之前
It’s 20 (minutes) before 12. [=it’s 20 of/to 12; it’s 11:40] 差20分12点。
2
: preceding (something or someone) in order or in a series（次序）在…之前，先于
Your name is listed before mine.
你的名字排在我之前。
You’ll see my house just before the bank and after the school.
你会看到我家就在银行前面，学校后面。
The number 2 comes before 3 and after 1. [=2 comes between 1 and 3] 数字2在3和1之间。
3
a : in front of (someone or something)（位置）在…前面，在…面前
The Great Plains stretched endlessly before them.
一望无际的大平原在他们面前延展开来。
The championship fight took place before a crowd of thousands.
冠军争夺战在成千上万的观众面前打响了。
: in the presence of (someone)当着（某人）的面
The defendant stood up before the judge.
被告在法官面前站了起来。
— see also (right) before/in front of your (very) eyes at 1eye
b : being considered by (someone or something)由…考虑中
The case before the court involves a robbery.
法庭正在审理的是一宗抢劫案。
the candidates before the voters
选民可选的候选人
I have a proposal to put before [=to] the board.
我有个提案供董事会考虑。
The question before us is this: did he fall or was he pushed?
我们要弄清的问题是：他是自己摔倒的，还是被人推倒的？
c : in the future for (someone) : ahead of (someone)等待着…；面临着…
They had no idea of the ordeal that lay before them.
他们完全没有预想到即将面临的这场磨难。
4
a : in a higher or more important position than (something)（重要性）优于，在…之前
They put quantity before [=above] quality. [=they cared more about quantity than about quality] 他们重数量轻质量。
b : rather or sooner than（宁可…而）不愿…
He vowed that he would choose death before dishonor. [=he would rather die than be dishonored] 他发誓说宁愿死也不肯蒙羞。
5
formal : under the force of (something)在…影响下；在…威慑下
The tree fell before the force of the wind. [=the force of the wind caused the tree to fall] 树被大风刮倒了。
3 before /bɪˈfoɚ/ conjunction
1
a : earlier than the time that : earlier than when（时间）在…之前，早于
He left long before morning came.
他早在黎明之前就离开了。
The judge stood up before the defendant did. [=the defendant stood up after the judge did] 法官先于被告站了起来。
Say goodbye before you go.
你临走之前告个别吧。
Call me before you arrive.
你抵达前给我打个电话吧。
Before [=until] she met him she had never been so happy.
在遇见他以前，她从未如此快乐过。
I finished the exam before he did.
我比他先考完试。
It was/happened not long before he arrived.
此事发生在他到达前不久。
He left before I could thank him. [=I wasn’t able to thank him because he left too soon] 我还没来得及谢他，他就走了。
I’ll resign before I give in! [=I would rather resign than give in] 我宁可辞职也不愿屈从。
— see also before you know it at 1know
b : until the time that到…之前；到…为止
It did not take long before he had earned their trust. [=he earned their trust quickly] 他很快就赢得了他们的信任。
“I have promises to keep and miles to go before I sleep…”
“但我还要守一些诺言，还要赶多少路才安眠…”
Robert Frost, “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” (1923)罗伯特·弗罗斯特，《雪夜林畔小驻》(1923)
2
a — used to refer to something that might happen以免；不然
Get out of there before you get dirty! [=get out of there because you will/might get dirty if you don’t] 离开那里，以免弄一身脏！
Before I forget, will you give me your telephone number? [=I’m asking for your telephone number now because I might forget to do it later] 趁我还记得，把你的电话号码给我可以吗？
b — used to say that one thing must happen for another thing to happen or be possible（先…）才…
He must be convicted before he can be removed from office.
必须先证明他有罪才能将他撤职。
You must have completed an introductory class before you can take an advanced class.
你必须先修完入门课才能上高级班。