below

介词 0 15

英 [bɪ’ləʊ] 　　美 [bɪ’loʊ] 　　
prep. 低于；在 … 下面
adv. 在下面；向下

速记辨析词根词缀词源疑难韦氏牛津朗文柯林剑桥麦克米伦近反义联想词词组和习惯用语X秘籍

bellow ‘beləʊv.大声喊叫，咆哮n.吼叫声，轰鸣声If the man for the first date was hours late for dinner, would you bellow? 如果第一次约会男方在吃饭时迟到几个小时，你会气得大喊大叫吗？below bɪ’ləʊprep.在…下面billow ‘bɪləʊn.巨浪v.（使）翻腾Black smoke billow came from three buildings. 黑色的烟雾像巨浪一样从三座大楼里涌出。:
bellow：bel看作bell，钟+low低声地→如钟声一样低沉→咆哮
below：be在+low低的→在低的位置→在…下面

below★bɪˈləʊprep. 在…下面be＋low（低）→在低处→在…下面🏠be- ① 构成动词，表示“使”；② 构成介词；③ 表示“加以，饰以”

under, below, underneath, beneath
这组词都有“在……下面”的意思，其区别是：
under: 普通用词，与over相对，指在某物的正下方，含垂直在下的意思。
below: 指位置低于某物或在某物下方，但不一定在正下方，所指范围较宽。
underneath: 书面口语均用，也常与beneath和under换用，但更含遮蔽的意味。
beneath: 书面用词，指紧挨……之下，其反义词是on。

词源：
early 14c., biloogh, from be- “by” + logh, lou, lowe “low.” Apparently a variant of earlier a-lowe (influenced by other advs. in be-, cf. before), the parallel form to an-high (now on high). Beneath was the usual word; below was very rare in M.E. and only gained currency in 16c. It is frequent in Shakespeare. Below is the opposite of above and concerns difference of level and suggests comparison of independent things. Under is the opposite of over and is concerned with superposition and subjection and suggests some interrelation.

词根记忆：
prep.
在…下面,在…以下ad.在下面,向下
I lowered flowing flowers below the table.
我把飘垂的花降低到桌子之下.

below, beneath, under 和 underneath 四个介词略有区别，有下面几点该注意：
（1）under 最普通，不论指实质上的上下或精神上的上下都可以用。
（2）below 跟 above 相反，指“比……低下”，under 跟 over 相反，指“在……的下面”。如在飞机上看来，地上的一切都是 below，但只有那飞机垂直下面的地方是 under。又如 those below him 是“职位比他低的人们”，those under him 是“受他管理的人们”。
（3）a man below twenty（一个 20 岁以下的男人）里的 below 改作 under 也可以，an income below ¥100 里的 below 改作 under 也可以。
（4）beneath 除了在下面各句里的用法以外，现在很少用。
In old days, when a gentleman’s daughter married a peasant, a worker, or a shop assistant, people would say that she married beneath her (同比她身份低的人结婚).
You must not consider it beneath you (有失你的身份) to ask his help.
He used to regard such matters as beneath his notice (不值得被他注意).
A lazybones is beneath contempt (不值得轻视，极可鄙).
A captain is beneath a major (比陆军少校级别低).
（5）underneath 只指实质上的上下，语气比 under 重些，如under the bed 是“在床下“，underneath the bed 有“被压在床下”或“被覆在床下”的意思。

1 below /bɪˈloʊ/ adverb
1
: in or to a lower place在下面；到下面
The pencil rolled off the desk and fell to the floor below.
铅笔从书桌上滚下来，掉到了地板上。
The pilot looked down at the sea far below.
飞行员从高空俯视下面的大海。
We heard the elevator stop at the floor below.
我们听见电梯停在了下面的楼层。
◊ The opposite of every sense of below is above.*below的各义项的反义词都是above。
2
: on or to a lower deck on a ship or boat在船（或艇）的下层甲板；到船（或艇）的底层甲板
They secured the goods on deck and went below.
他们把货物固定在甲板上就到下层舱去了。
The captain ordered the men below. [=ordered them to go below the main deck] 船长命令船员到底层甲板去。
3
: in or to a lower rank or number（数字或级别）在…以下
All personnel, captain and below, were ordered to report for duty.
船长及其以下的所有人员都接到去报到的命令。
The game is suitable for children at age 10 and below. [=younger, under] 这个游戏适合于10岁及以下儿童。
4
: lower than zero零度以下
The temperature ranged from 5 below to 10 above. [=from −5 degrees to 10 degrees Fahrenheit] 温度在零下5华氏度至零上10华氏度之间。
5
: lower, further down, or later on the same page or on a following page : at a later point in the same document在同一页底端；在下一页末；在下文
The results of the test are discussed/explained/listed/shown below.
测试结果在下文中讨论/解释/列举/显示
See the graph below.
见下页图表。
from below
: from a lower place从下方
We heard voices calling from below.
我们听见从下面传来的呼叫声。
I felt a draft from below.
我感觉到一股来自下方的气流。
2 below /bɪˈloʊ/ preposition
1
: in or to a lower place than (something) : beneath在…的下方；低于
Our apartment is below theirs.
我们的公寓在他们的下面。
She wore a skirt that reached below her knees. = The bottom of her skirt was below her knees.
她穿着一条过膝的裙子。
We could see only clouds below us.
我们只能看见下方的云层。
The diver descended below 25 meters.
潜水员潜到了水下25米。
The sun disappeared below the horizon.
太阳消失在地平线下。
a spot directly below us
在我们正下方的地方
the valley far below us
我们下方远处的山谷
just/slightly below the horizon
略低于地平线
◊ The opposite of every sense of below is above.*below的各义项的反义词都是above。
2
: lower in number, amount, or size than (something) : less than (something)（数量、大小等）在…之下，少于
Temperatures were below average/normal all week.
一周的气温都低于平均值/正常值。
The game is suitable for children below [=younger than, under] the age of 10.
这个游戏适合10岁以下的儿童。
She worked for wage rates below those of other workers.
她干活的报酬低于其他工人。
3
: less important or powerful than (someone) : having a lower rank than (someone)（重要性、权力、级别等）低于
A lieutenant is below a captain. [=a captain outranks a lieutenant] 中尉的级别低于上尉。
He ranks far below his superior.
他的级别远低于他的上司。
4
: in a lower or less important position than (something)（位置）在…之后，次于
He puts his own needs below his child’s needs.
他把自身需求置于他的孩子的需求之后。

below adverb

/bɪˈləʊ/
/bɪˈləʊ/
at or to a lower level, position or place在（或到）下面
They live on the floor below.他们住在下一层楼。
I could still see the airport buildings far below.我还能远远地看到下方的机场建筑。
See below (= at the bottom of the page) for references.见本页末参考资料。
The passengers who felt seasick stayed below (= on a lower deck).晕船的乘客待在下层客舱。
at a lower rank下级
This ruling applies to the ranks of Inspector and below.这项规定适用于巡官及以下人员。
(of a temperature温度) lower than zero零度以下
The thermometer had dropped to a record 40 below (= −40 degrees).温度计降到了零下 40 度的纪录。
below preposition

/bɪˈləʊ/
/bɪˈləʊ/
at or to a lower level or position than somebody/something在（或到）…下面
He dived below the surface of the water.他潜入了水中。
Please do not write below this line.请不要在这条线下面书写。
Skirts will be worn below (= long enough to cover) the knee.穿裙子要过膝。
of a lower amount or standard than somebody/something（数量）少于；（标准）低于
The temperatures remained below freezing all day.气温一整天都保持在冰点以下。
Her work was well below average for the class.她的功课远在班上的中等水平以下。
of a lower rank or of less importance than somebody/something（级别、重要性）低于
A police sergeant is below an inspector.巡佐的级别低于巡官。

below /bɪˈləʊ $ -ˈloʊ/ ●●● S2 W2 adverb, preposition
1in a lower place or position, or on a lower level〔地方或位置〕在…的下面﹔低于 OPP above:
an animal that lives below ground生活在地下的动物
Water was dripping onto the floor below.水滴到下面的地板上。
I could hear voices in the courtyard below my window.我能听到院子里有人在我的窗下说话。
They camped a few hundred feet below the summit.他们在山顶下面几百英尺的地方扎了营。
Down below, people were talking and laughing.人们在下面谈笑风生。
Somewhere far below, a door slammed.下面远处的什么地方，有一扇门砰的一声关上了。
The kitchen is directly below her bedroom.厨房就在她卧室的正下方。
Captain Parker went below (=to the lower level of the ship), leaving Clooney in charge.帕克船长下去了﹐让克卢尼掌舵。
► see thesaurus at under
2of a lower rank or having a less important job than someone else〔级别或职位〕低于 OPP above:
No one below the level of senior manager was present at the meeting.高级经理职位以下没有人出席会议。
and/or below
officers of the rank of captain and below上尉及上尉以下的军官
3less than a particular number, amount, level etc〔数量﹑水平等〕在…以下﹐低于 OPP above:
Test scores below 50 were classed as ‘unsatisfactory’.50分以下的测验成绩归入“不理想”一类。
In June the rate of inflation fell below 3%.6月份﹐通货膨胀率降到了3%以下。
Tom’s spelling is well below average (=much worse than the normal standard).汤姆的拼写远低于平均水平。
below freezing/zero
(=lower than the temperature at which water freezes)
In winter, temperatures dip to 40 degrees below freezing.冬天﹐气温会降到零下40度。
and/or below
free travel for children four years old and below四岁及四岁以下儿童免费乘车
4lower on the same page, or on a later page〔书页上〕在下面，在下页 OPP above:
Details of courses are listed below.课程的详细介绍列在下面。
For more information, see below.详情请看下面。
→ below par at par(2), → below the belt at belt1(4)

below ★★★★☆
1.PREP 介词（位置）在…下面，低于 If something is below something else, it is in a lower position.
He appeared from the apartment directly below Leonard’s…

他从伦纳德家正下方的公寓里走了出来。

The path runs below a long brick wall…

小道位于长砖墙脚下。

The sun had already sunk below the horizon…

太阳已经落到了地平线以下。

The boat dipped below the surface of the water.

这条船沉入水下。

Below is also an adverb.
We climbed rather perilously down a rope-ladder to the boat below.

我们冒着相当大的危险沿着绳梯爬到了下面的船上。

…a view to the street below…

可以看到下面的街道

Spread out below was a great crowd.

下面是摩肩接踵的人群。

2.PHRASE 短语在地下；在地表以下 If something is below ground or below the ground, it is in the ground.
They have designed a system which pumps up water from 70m below ground…

他们设计了一套从地下70米处抽水的系统。

Coils buried in tunnels below the ground might soon be used to store large amounts of electricity.

埋在地下隧道里的线圈可能很快就会被用来储存大量的电。

3.ADV 副词以下；在下文中 You use below in a piece of writing to refer to something that is mentioned later.

【搭配模式】：n ADV
Please write to me at the address below…

请按照下面的地址给我写信。

The BBC Good Food Show is giving away free tickets in a competition. For details, see below.

英国广播公司“美食秀”正在派送比赛免费券，详情见下文。

4.PREP 介词（数量、比率或水平）低于，小于，少于 If something is below a particular amount, rate, or level, it is less than that amount, rate, or level.
Night temperatures can drop below 15 degrees Celsius…

夜间气温会降到15摄氏度以下。

British Telecom agreed to keep overall price increases to 7.5 per cent below inflation…

英国电信同意将整体价格增幅控制在低于通货膨胀7.5%的水平。

Rainfall has been below average.

降雨量低于平均水平。

Below is also an adverb.
…temperatures at zero or below.

零度或零度以下的温度

5.PREP 介词（职位、官衔等）低于 If someone is below you in an organization, they are lower in rank.
Such people often experience less stress than those in the ranks immediately below them.

这些人承受的压力往往小于那些职位仅次于他们的人。

…pay rises awarded to all white-collar staff below chief officer level.

所有职位低于首席官员的白领员工的薪酬增长

1. adverb, preposition (POSITION)
2. adverb, preposition (LESS)
1
below
adverb, preposition (POSITION)位置 /bɪˈləʊ $ -ˈloʊ/
› in a lower position (than), under

在下面；在…的下面
From the top of the skyscraper the cars below us looked like insects.
从摩天大楼顶上往下看，下面的汽车小得像昆虫一样。
The author’s name was printed below the title.
作者的名字登在标题之下。
For further information on this subject, see below (= lower on the page or later in the book) .
关于这一点的详细说明请看下文。
The ship’s captain went below (= to the lower, covered part of the ship) .
船长去下层甲板了。
Do you usually wear your skirts above or below the knee?
你通常穿露膝裙还是过膝裙？
She has three people working below her (= people to whom she gives orders) .
她手下有3个人干活。

2
below
adverb, preposition (LESS)较小 /bɪˈləʊ $ -ˈloʊ/
› less than a particular amount or level

比某数额或某标准低
They have three children below the age of (= younger than) four.
他们有3个不到4岁的孩子。
His marks in English have been below average for some time now.
最近一段时间他的英语成绩一直低于平均水平。
The temperature has fallen below zero/freezing (= cooled to less than zero) recently.
最近气温已经降到零下了。
Last night it was eight degrees below (= eight degrees less than zero).
昨晚只有零下8度。
Related Phrases/Idioms
below the belt
Below
Below is a preposition or an adverb.

Below meaning ‘lower than’
We use below most commonly as a preposition meaning ‘lower than’. It has a similar meaning to under. The opposite of below is above. We use it when there is no contact between people or things:

[a teacher talking to a class]

Open your exercise book on page 27. Just below the picture there are some questions. Look at the picture and answer the questions.

There was a big clock below the painting.

When the adverb below is used to modify a noun, it follows the noun:

The apartment below is owned by a French couple.

We lived up in the mountains and the nearest town below was half an hour’s drive.

We use the adverb below when referring to the lower level or deck of a boat or ship:

[talking about a boat]

It was a wonderful little boat. We spent most of our time fishing and watching the sea. We’d go below to sleep and to eat.

Below with numbers, amounts or statistics
When we talk about numbers, amounts or statistics being at a lower level, we use below more than under:

Inflation has fallen below 5% for the first time in six years.

The company’s profits in 2008 were below what they had hoped for.

Below referring forward in writing
In formal writing, we use below to refer to something that we will mention or show later:

In the figure below, the results show that 54% of the rats tested were carrying the antibody …

There has been much discussion and debate about global warming (see below).

相关文章