afford

一、真题好句
afford 义务阶段1500 全国卷频次:8
/əˈfɔːd/ /əˈfɔːrd/
v. affords 0 affording 0 afforded 1
负担得起（…的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供

高考真题原句选：
And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
My parents had raised me to be aware of the advantage we had been afforded and the responsibility it brought to us.
I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book.

二、词组｜习惯用语
can afford 买得起；有能力负担

三、词根记忆词典

afford
vt.
擔負得起(損失,費用,後果等),買得起According to the record, the cord was the oldest recorder the people could afford.據記載,繩子是人們用得起的最古老的記錄器.
買得起(af+ford拿出→一再拿出{錢}→買得起)[ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同輔音字母的詞根前,表示”一再”等加強意]

四、辨析
afford, give, provide, supply
这四个词都有“给”“供给”“提供”的意思。其区别是：
1.afford指为一定的目的而“给”“提供”所需要的东西; give指无需偿还地把金钱、物品、时间、麻烦等有形或无形的东西“送给”“授予”“供给”某人; provide主要指为某人、某物或某事“提供”“供应”某物品,尤指生活必需品; supply指用物“供给”“供应”或“提供”给国家、群众、工厂、城市、市场等,以部队为对象时,往往只供给生活必需品,而不指武器。例如:
Some trees afford resin. 有些树产树脂。
I should like to give him a chance.我想给他一个机会。
Now we supply power to nine-tenths of the city’s homes.现在我们向这个城市十分之九的家庭提供电力。
2.afford后面可跟不定式或动名词,还常用在can, could, be able to后面表示“担负得起”某事物的费用、损失、后果等,以及“抽得出”时间、人力,其后可接双宾语,意思是“向某人提供某物”; provide后面可接for, with和against等介词; supply后可接介词to。例如:
Our garden affords us fresh vegetables.我们的园子为我们提供新鲜蔬菜。
More and more vegetables and fruit are supplied to the army.越来越多的蔬菜和水果供应部队。
The programme aims to provide self-sufficiency for local needs.这项计划旨在使当地需要得以自足。

af·ford / E5fC:d; NAmE E5fC:rd /
verb
1. [no passive] (usually used with can, could or be able to, especially in negative sentences or questions 通常与 can、could 或 be able to 连用,尤用于否定句或疑问句) to have enough money or time to be able to buy or to do sth
买得起；(有时间)做,能做:
▪ [VN] Can we afford a new car?
我们买得起一辆新车吗？
None of them could afford £50 for a ticket.
他们中没有哪个拿得出 50 英镑买一张票。
She felt she couldn’t afford any more time off work.
她觉得再也抽不出时间歇班了。
▪ [V to inf] We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去国外。
She never took a taxi, even though she could afford to.
尽管她坐得起出租汽车,但她从未坐过。
▪ [VN to inf] He couldn’t afford the money to go on the trip.
他不够钱去这次旅行。
2. [no passive] (usually used with can or could, especially in negative sentences and questions 通常与 can 或 could 连用,尤用于否定句或疑问句) if you say that you can’t afford to do sth, you mean that you should not do it because it will cause problems for you if you do
承担得起(后果):
▪ [V to inf] We cannot afford to ignore this warning.
我们对这个警告绝不能等闲视之。
(formal) They could ill afford to lose any more staff.
他们再也不能损失员工了。
▪ [VN] We cannot afford any more delays.
我们不能再有任何耽搁了。
3. (formal) to provide sb with sth
提供；给予:
▪ [VN] The tree affords some shelter from the sun.
这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。
▪ [VNN] The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.
这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。
• af·ford·abil·ity / E7fC:dE5bilEti; NAmE E7fC:rd- / noun [U] • af·ford·able / E5fC:dEbl; NAmE E5fC:rd- / adj.:
affordable prices / housing
付得起的价格；买得起的住宅

afford /əˈfɔːd $ -ɔːrd/ ●●● S1 W3 verb [transitive] 1  can/could afford [usually negative] a) to have enough money to buy or pay for something 买得起
afford (to do) something
We can’t afford to go on vacation this year.
今年我们没钱去度假。
I couldn’t afford the rent on my own.
我单靠自己付不起房租。
How can she afford to eat out every night?
每天晚上下馆子她怎么能负担得起？
b) to have enough time to do something 抽得出〔时间〕
Dad can’t afford any more time off work.
爸爸没有办法再请假了。
c) if you cannot afford to do something, you must not do it because it could cause serious problems for you 承担得起
afford to do something
We can’t afford to wait any longer or we’ll miss the plane.
我们再也不能等下去了，否则会赶不上飞机的。
Afford can be followed by an infinitive with to , but not an ‘-ing’ form: I can’t afford to buy (NOT can’t afford buying) a car.
Afford 之后可以接带 to 的不定式，但是不能接 ‘-ing’ 形式: I can’t afford to buy (不说 can’t afford buying) a car. 我买不起汽车。
2  formal to provide something or allow something to happen 提供，给予
The room affords a beautiful view over the city.
这房间可以俯瞰城市美景。
afford (somebody) an opportunity/chance
It afforded her the opportunity to improve her tennis skills.
这给了她提高网球水平的机会。
The new law will afford protection to employees.
新法律将为雇员提供保障。
—affordable adj
affordable housing
负担得起的住房
Origin afford Old English geforthian “to carry out”, from forth

afford ★★★☆☆
1.VERB 动词买得起；负担得起 If you cannot afford something, you do not have enough money to pay for it.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V to-inf
My parents can’t even afford a new refrigerator…

我父母甚至买不起一台新冰箱。

The arts should be available to more people at prices they can afford…

艺术品应该以人们能够承受的价格面向更多的人出售。

We couldn’t afford to buy a new rug.

我们买不起新的小地毯。

2.VERB 动词经得住；承受得起 If you say that you cannot afford to do something or allow it to happen, you mean that you must not do it or must prevent it from happening because it would be harmful or embarrassing to you.

【语法信息】：V to-inf

【语法信息】：V n
We can’t afford to wait…

我们等不起。

The country could not afford the luxury of an election.

该国负担不起选举这样奢侈的事。

3.VERB 动词提供；给予 If someone or something affords you an opportunity or protection, they give it to you.

【语法信息】：V n n

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V-ed

【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式
This affords us the opportunity to ask questions about how the systems might change…

这给我们提供了就系统可能如何改变进行提问的机会。

It was a cold room, but it afforded a fine view of the Old City.

这房间虽然很冷，但是它能让人将古城的景致尽收眼底。

…the protection afforded by the police.

警方提供的保护

afford /əˈfoɚd/ verb
affords; afforded; affording [+ object] 1
: to be able to pay for (something)买得起；付得起
We were too poor to afford a doctor.
我们太穷了，看不起病。
He’ll be able to afford a house next year.
明年他就能买得起房了。
Don’t spend more than you can afford.
消费要量力而为。
They couldn’t afford new coats for the children.
他们没有钱给孩子们买新外套。
— often followed by to + verb常接动词不定式
They couldn’t afford to buy new coats for the children.
他们没有钱给孩子们买新外套。
Don’t spend more than you can afford to (spend).
消费要量力而为。
2
: to be able to do (something) without having problems or being seriously harmed承担得起；经得起
We can afford waiting a while longer.
我们可以再多等一会儿。
— usually followed by to + verb通常接动词不定式
We can afford to wait a while longer.
我们可以再多等一会儿。
— usually used in negative constructions通常用于否定结构
She’s already too thin. She can’t afford to lose any more weight. = She can ill afford to lose any more weight.
她已经很瘦了，体重不能再减了。
3
formal : to supply or provide (something needed or wanted) to someone提供；给予
All of the rooms afford views of the lake.
所有房间都可以看到湖景。
He was afforded the opportunity to work for a judge.
他得到了一个为法官工作的机会。
— affordability /əˌfordəˈbɪləti/ noun [noncount] the affordability of health care
医疗的支付能力
— affordable /əˈfordəbəl/ adjective [more affordable; most affordable] a more affordable car
一辆价格更实惠的车
affordable housing [=housing that is not overly expensive] 买得起的住房
an affordable price
可承受的价格