base

一、真题好句
base 高中必修500 全国卷频次:9 教材出处:译林版必修B1U1
/beɪs/
n.&v. bases 0 basing 0 based 25
基地，大本营；底部；基础 & 以…为基础

高考真题原句提选：
They are the base of the food chain.
If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station.
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
Some websites can help find the right schools based on one’s interests.
Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules.

二、词组｜习惯用语
base on 基于，以……为根据；在……基础上
production base 生产基地
on base [体]占垒
base in 基于
at base 本质上
in base 【纹章学】在盾形纹章的下部
knowledge base 知识库
data base 数据库（等于data bank）；基本数据；储存之资料
customer base 客户群；客户基础
industrial base 工业基地
base oil 基础油；原油
base station 基站；基电台
economic base [经]经济基础
base material 基础材质
main base 主基地；控制点
base area 底面积；底面
base metal [化]基底金属；碱金属
base point 基准点；原点
base plate 底盘，底座；[医]基板（牙）
base class 基础类别，基本类

三、词根记忆

base
n.
基礎,底部;基地a.卑鄙的v.(on)把…基於The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.最初的會談是後來達成協議的基礎.
低下的;基礎[bas,base=low,foundation,表示”低下,基礎”]

base
[beɪs] ‘base sth on sth (also ‘base sth upon sth more formal)
■to use or have an idea, an experience, etc.as the point from which sth can be developed以概念(或经验等)为…的基础(或根据):
The novel is based on a true story.
这部小说是根据一件真事创作的。
She is basing the prosecution case on the evidence of two witnesses.
她是依照两名目击者的证词提起诉讼的。
What’s the design based on?
这一设计的蓝图是什么？
The report has been based upon inaccurate information.
这份报告所依据的情报不准确。
Sue’s knowledge of Japan was based only on what she had read in books.
休对于日本的了解仅限于书本知识。
[OBJ]decision,theory,design,opinion, etc.
■[NOTE]Base sth on/upon sth is often used in the passive. base sth on/upon sth 常用于被动语态。
[G]v+n/pron+prep

base / beis /
noun
LOWEST PART 底部
1. [C, usually sing.] the lowest part of sth, especially the part or surface on which it rests or stands
根基；基底；底座:
the base of a column / glass
柱基；玻璃杯底座
a pain at the base of the spine
脊柱末端的疼痛
The lamp has a heavy base.
这枱灯的底座很沉。
⇨ note at bottom
ORIGINAL IDEA / SITUATION 根源思想/状况
2. [C] an idea, a fact, a situation, etc. from which sth is developed
根据；出发点
SYN basis :
She used her family’s history as a base for her novel.
她以她的家族史作为小说的素材。
His arguments have a sound economic base.
他的论点有充分的经济上的根据。
⇨ note at basis
OF SUPPORT / INCOME / POWER 支持；收入；力量
3. [C, usually sing.] the people, activity, etc. from which sb / sth gets most of their support, income, power, etc.
(支持、收入、力量等的)来源,源泉,基础:
These policies have a broad base of support.
这些政策受到广泛支持。
an economy with a solid manufacturing base
以制造业为坚实基础的经济体
⇨ see also customer base , power base
FIRST / MAIN SUBSTANCE 首要/基本材料
4. [C, usually sing.] the first or main part of a substance to which other things are added
混合物的首要(或主要)成分:
a drink with a rum base
主要成分为朗姆酒的饮料
Put some moisturizer on as a base before applying your make-up.
化妆前先搽些润肤霜打底。
MAIN PLACE 主要地方
5. [C] the main place where you live or stay or where a business operates from
据点；总部；大本营:
I spend a lot of time in Britain but Paris is still my base.
我有很多时间在英国度过,但主要还是居住在巴黎。
The town is an ideal base for touring the area.
这个镇子是在这一地区旅游观光的理想据点。
The company has its base in New York, and branch offices all over the world.
公司总部设在纽约,分支遍及全世界。
OF ARMY, navy, ETC. 陆军、海军等
6. [C, U] a place where an army, a navy, etc. operates from
基地:
a military / naval base
军事/海军基地
an air base
空军基地
After the attack, they returned to base.
他们发动攻击之后返回了基地。
CHEMISTRY 化学
7. [C] a chemical substance, for example an alkali , that can combine with an acid to form a salt
硷； 盐基
MATHEMATICS 数学
8. [C, usually sing.] a number on which a system of counting and expressing numbers is built up, for example 10 in the decimal system and 2 in the binary system
基数(如十进制的 10 和二进制的 2)
IN BASEBALL / ROUNDERS 棒球；圆场棒球
9. [C] one of the five positions that a player must reach in order to score points
垒
⇨ see also database
IDIOMS
▪ off base
(NAmE, informal)
completely wrong about sth
完全错误:
If that’s what you think, you’re way off base.
你如果那么想就全错了。
⇨ more at cover v., first base , touch v.
verb
[VN] [usually passive] ~ sb / sth / yourself in… to use a particular city, town, etc. as the main place for a business, holiday / vacation, etc.
以…为据点(或大本营等)；把(总部等)设在:
They decided to base the new company in York.
他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
We’re going to base ourselves in Tokyo and make trips from there.
我们将以东京为据点到各地旅行。
PHRASAL VERBS
▪ ‘base sth on / upon sth
to use an idea, a fact, a situation, etc. as the point from which sth can be developed
以…为基础(或根据):
What are you basing this theory on?
你这种理论的根据是什么？
⇨ see also based
adjective
(baser, bas·est) (formal) not having moral principles or rules
卑鄙的；不道德的:
He acted from base motives.
他的行动动机卑鄙。
• base·ly adv.

base1 /beɪs/ ●●● S1 W1 verb → bass
1 [transitive] to have your main place of work, business etc in a particular place 把基地设于，以…为基地
The paper had intended to base itself in London.
这家报社原来打算把总部设在伦敦。
be based in something
The new organization will be based in Dallas.
这个新的机构总部将设在达拉斯。
→ based
2 base something on/upon something phrasal verb to use something as the thing from which something else is developed 以…为基础，以…为根据 → basis
Their relationship was based upon mutual respect.
他们之间的关系以相互尊重为基础。
an economy based on farming
以农业为基础的经济
Related topics: Military, Baseball, Compounds, Maths, Chemistry
base2 ●●● S2 W2 noun
1  LOWEST PART 最低的部分 [countable usually singular] a) the lowest part or surface of something 底部；根基；基础 SYN bottom
base of
There is a door at the base of the tower.
塔基上有一扇门。
the base of a triangle
三角形的底边
a frozen dessert with a biscuit base
一个以脆饼作底的冻甜品
a wine glass with a heavy base
一个杯底厚实的葡萄酒杯
The leather of his left trainer was coming away from its rubber base.
他左脚运动鞋上的皮面快要从橡胶底上脱落下来了。
b) the lowest point on a plant or part of your body, where it joins another part 〔植物或身体部位的〕基部，连接处 SYN bottom
base of
a hole in the base of the tree
这棵树根部的一个洞
He was killed by an axe blow to the base of his skull.
他是颅底遭斧子重创死亡的。
► see thesaurus at bottom
2  KNOWLEDGE/IDEAS 知识/想法 [countable] the most important part of something, from which new ideas develop 〔思想的〕基础，根据 SYN foundation
India has a good scientific research base.
印度有良好的科研基础。
base for
They were laying the base for a new economic recovery.
他们正在为经济的再次复苏打基础。
3  MILITARY 军事 [countable] a place where people in a military organization live and work 〔军事〕基地
military/naval/air base 军事/海军/空军基地
4  COMPANY/ORGANIZATION 公司/组织 [countable, uncountable] the main place from which a person, company, or organization controls their activities 基地，根据地，总部，大本营
base for
He used the house as a base for his printing business.
他把这房子作为他印刷业务的基地。
5  PEOPLE/GROUPS 人/群体 [countable usually singular] the people, money, groups etc that form the main part of something 〔人、经济、集团等的〕基础，支柱
The company has built up a loyal customer base.
该公司已经建立了一个稳定的客户基础。
By broadening the tax base (=all the people who pay taxes), he could raise more revenues.
通过扩大征税来源，他就可以增加财政收入。
an attempt to strengthen the city’s economic base (=things that produce jobs and money)
加强本市经济基础的一项举措
The country’s manufacturing base (=all the factories, companies etc that produce goods in a country) has shrunk by 20%.
该国的制造业基础萎缩了20%。
→ power base
6  SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE 物质/混合物 [singular, uncountable] the main part of a substance, meal etc to which other things are added 基础成分，主要成分
7. SPORT 体育运动 [countable] one of the four places that a player must touch in order to get a point in games such as baseball 〔棒球等的〕垒 → see picture at 见图 baseball
8  be off base American English informal to be completely wrong 完全错误，离谱
9. CHEMICAL 化学品 [countable] technical a chemical substance that combines with an acid to form a salt 碱，盐基
10. NUMBERS 数目 [countable usually singular] technical the number in relation to which a number system or mathematical table is built up, for example 10 in the decimal system 基数〔如十进制的10〕
11. touch base (with somebody) to talk to someone to find out what is happening about something （跟某人）联系上
—basal adjective
→ cover (all) the bases at cover1(12)
base3 adjective
1 not having good moral principles 卑鄙的，下流的，无耻的
base attitudes and desires
卑鄙的态度和欲望
→ base metal
Origin base2 (1300-1400) Old French Latin basis; → BASIS base3 (1300-1400) Old French bas, from Medieval Latin bassus “short, low”

base ★★★★★
1.N-COUNT 可数名词基础；根基；底部 The base of something is its lowest edge or part.

【搭配模式】：usu the N of n
There was a cycle path running along this side of the wall, right at its base…

在墙的这边，沿着墙根有一条自行车道。

Line the base and sides of a 20cm deep round cake tin with paper.

把一个20厘米深的圆形糕饼盒的底部和四周都垫上纸。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词基部；相连处；连接处 The base of something is the lowest part of it, where it is attached to something else.

【搭配模式】：usu the N of n
The surgeon placed catheters through the veins and arteries near the base of the head.

外科医生在脑根部的静脉和动脉中放置了导管。

3.N-COUNT 可数名词底；底部；底面 The base of an object such as a box or vase is the lower surface of it that touches the surface it rests on.

【搭配模式】：usu with poss
Remove from the heat and plunge the base of the pan into a bowl of very cold water.

先把锅从炉子上拿开，然后把锅底浸入一盆冷水中。

4.N-COUNT 可数名词底部；基座 The base of an object that has several sections and that rests on a surface is the lower section of it.

【搭配模式】：usu with supp
The mattress is best on a solid bed base…

这种床垫最好放在结实的床板上。

The clock stands on an oval marble base, enclosed by a glass dome.

钟放在椭圆形的大理石基座上，外罩玻璃罩。

5.N-COUNT 可数名词基层；底层 A base is a layer of something which will have another layer added to it.

【搭配模式】：usu with supp
Spoon the mixture on to the biscuit base and cook in a preheated oven…

把混合好的糊糊舀到饼干坯上，然后放入已预热的烤箱烘烤。

On many modern wooden boats, epoxy coatings will have been used as a base for varnishing.

很多现代的木船将采用环氧涂层作底漆。

6.N-COUNT 可数名词出发点；起点；基础 A position or thing that is a base for something is one from which that thing can be developed or achieved.

【搭配模式】：usu sing
The post will give him a powerful political base from which to challenge the Kremlin…

这个职位将给他提供一个强有力的政治基点来挑战克里姆林宫。

The family base was crucial to my development.

家庭基础对我的发展至关重要。

7.VERB 动词以…为基础 If you base one thing on another thing, the first thing develops from the second thing.

【语法信息】：V n on/upon n
He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.

他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。

based
Three of the new products are based on traditional herbal medicines…

有3种新产品是以传统的草药为基础研制的。

The figures are based upon average market prices.

这些数字是基于平均市场价格而得出的。

8.N-COUNT 可数名词（公司的）客户基础，主要（客户）群体 A company’s client base or customer base is the group of regular clients or customers that the company gets most of its income from.

【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商
The company has been expanding its customer base using trade magazine advertising.

公司一直通过在商业杂志上刊登广告扩展客户群。

9.N-COUNT 可数名词（军事）基地 A military base is a place which part of the armed forces works from.

【搭配模式】：usu supp N
Gunfire was heard at an army base close to the airport.

机场附近的军事基地传出了炮火声。

…a massive air base in eastern Saudi Arabia.

沙特阿拉伯东部的一个大型空军基地

10.N-COUNT 可数名词（工作或生活的）据点，基地 Your base is the main place where you work, stay, or live.

【搭配模式】：usu poss N
For most of the spring and early summer her base was her home in Scotland.

春天和初夏的大部分时间，她都是在苏格兰的家里度过的。

11.N-COUNT 可数名词（活动的）地点，中心，大本营 If a place is a base for a certain activity, the activity can be carried out at that place or from that place.

【搭配模式】：usu sing
The two hotel-restaurants are attractive bases from which to explore southeast Tuscany…

对于去托斯卡纳东南部探险的人们来说，这两家酒店是很有吸引力的驻扎地。

Los Angeles was still my financial base. I was still doing business there.

洛杉矶仍然是我的财务中心。我还在那里做生意。

12.N-COUNT 可数名词基础成分；主要成分；主料 The base of a substance such as paint or food is the main ingredient of it, to which other substances can be added.
Drain off any excess marinade and use it as a base for a pouring sauce…

先滗出多余的卤汁，把它当作浇汁的主料。

Oils may be mixed with a base oil and massaged into the skin.

将油和基础油混合，按摩直至皮肤吸收。

13.N-COUNT 可数名词（数字进位制中的）基数 A base is a system of counting and expressing numbers. The decimal system uses base 10, and the binary system uses base 2.

【搭配模式】：also N num
14.N-COUNT 可数名词（棒球、垒球、圆场棒球等的）垒 A base in baseball, softball, or rounders is one of the places at each corner of the square on the pitch.
15.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词卑鄙的；下流的；无耻的 Base behaviour is behaviour that is immoral or dishonest.

【STYLE标签】：LITERARY 文
Love has the power to overcome the baser emotions.

爱能够战胜邪念。

16.PHRASE 短语完全错误；大错特错 If you say that someone is off base, you mean that they are wrong.

【搭配模式】：usu v-link PHR

【语域标签】：mainly AM 主美

【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式
Am I wrong? Am I way off base? Because I want you to set me straight if you think I’m wrong.

我错了吗？我大错特错了吗？因为如果我不对的话，我希望你能纠正我的错误。

17.PHRASE 短语（尤指在近期没有联系的情况下与某人）取得联系 If you communicate with someone, especially someone you have not communicated with recently, you can say that you touch base with them.

【搭配模式】：V inflects

【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式
Being there gave me a chance to touch base with three friends whom I had not seen for a year.

在那里，让我有机会和一年没见面的三个朋友取得了联系。

18.PHRASE 短语面面俱到；应付各种情况 If someone touches all the bases or covers the bases, they deal with everyone or everything involved in a situation.

【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式
He has managed to touch all the bases necessary, and trade goes on…

他想方设法把所有必要的事情都处理妥当，生意也维持了下来。

The boss covers all bases when he sets up a job.

老板设立一个工作岗位时，需要方方面面都考虑到。

1 base /ˈbeɪs/ noun
plural bases
1
[count] : the bottom or lowest part of something : the part on which something rests or is supported底部；根基；底座— usually singular通常用单数
The lamp has a heavy base.
这盏灯的底座很沉。
He planted flowers around the stone’s base.
他沿石头的底部栽了一些花儿。
Make sure the base of the stove rests evenly on the floor.
一定要确保炉子的底部平稳地放在地面上。
The climbers established a camp at the base of the mountain. = The climbers established a base camp.
攀登者们在山脚扎了一个营地。
— often used figuratively常用作比喻
Although I disagreed with the book’s theoretical base [=basis, foundation], I couldn’t really find fault with its logic.
虽然我不同意这本书的理论基础，但确实挑不出它逻辑上的毛病。
The tour was informative, thanks to the guide’s broad base of knowledge.
多亏导游宽广的基础知识，这次旅行很长见识。
2
[count] : something (such as a group of people or things) that provides support for a place, business, etc.基础；支柱— usually singular通常用单数
At one time paper mills were the industrial base for the region.
造纸厂曾一度是这个地区的工业支柱。
The economic base of the village is tourism. [=tourism is the most important part of the village’s economy] 这个村庄的经济支柱是旅游业。
The company has a solid customer base. [=set of customers it can depend on] 这家公司拥有坚实的客户基础。
The sport’s fan base [=group of fans] is growing.
这项运动的粉丝群在扩大。
— see also power base, tax base
3
[count] : a main ingredient to which other things are added to make something主要成分；底料 — usually singular通常用单数
The paint has a water base, not an oil base.
这种漆是水基涂料，而不是油基涂料。
She uses chicken broth as the base of the soup.
她用鸡汤来做这道汤的底料。
4
a [count] : the main place in which a person works or lives or a business operates基地；总部；主要场所
He uses his home as the base for his accounting business.
他把自己的家作为会计业务的大本营。
The company’s base is in London. = The company’s base of operations is (in) London. [=the company’s main offices are in London] 这家公司的总部在伦敦。
The band recently returned to its home base of Chicago after three months on tour.
在三个月的巡演之后，这支乐队最近返回了其位于芝加哥的大本营。
b : a place where a military force keeps supplies and where people in the military live and work军事基地
[count] naval/military bases
海军/陆军基地
the commander of the base = the base commander
基地司令
[noncount] The troops were ordered back to base.
部队受命返回基地。
— see also air base
5
baseball : any one of the four places a runner must touch in order to score垒；垒位
[count] He threw the ball to the wrong base.
他把球掷错垒了。
[noncount] There’s a runner on base. [=there’s a runner on first, second, or third base] 有名跑垒员在垒上。
The batter reached base on an error by the shortstop.
游击手失误，击球手趁机上垒。
— compare home plate; see also first base, second base, third base
6
[count] chemistry : a chemical that reacts with an acid to form a salt
◊ A base has a pH higher than 7.碱，盐基（pH值高于7）
— compare 1acid 1, ph
7
[count] mathematics : a number on which a system for counting and calculating is established基数— usually singular通常用单数
Computers use a binary, or base 2, system, rather than the decimal, or base 10, system we usually use.
计算机使用的是二进制，而非我们常用的十进制。
cover all the bases also cover every base
: to do or include everything that needs to be done or included面面俱到；无所不包
The book is sometimes confusing because the writer tries too hard to cover all the bases.
这本书有时令人困惑，因为作者过于追求面面俱到。
They reviewed the contract to make sure that it covered all the bases.
他们把合同又看了一遍，确保没有任何遗漏。
off base US, informal
1
: not correct : wrong or mistaken不对的；错误的
Her study proves that the theory is off base.
她的研究证明这个理论是错误的。
It turns out that the estimates were way off base. [=very wrong] 结果证明这些估计太离谱了。
2
: in an unprepared state措手不及的；无准备的
He was caught off base [=off guard] by the accusations. [=he was not prepared for the accusations] 这些指控令他措手不及。
touch all the bases chiefly US or touch every base
: to cover all the bases谈及所有相关事项
especially : to mention every subject or point that needs to be considered
She made sure that she touched all the bases in her report.
她确保自己在报告中把问题的各个方面都谈到了。
His opening remarks at the meeting touched all the bases.
他在大会的开幕词里提及了所有要点。
touch base informal
: to meet and talk as a way of learning about recent news联系，谈论（以了解最新动态）
Let’s get together for lunch next week to touch base.
咱们下周一起吃午餐，聊聊近况吧。
— usually + with
He attended the conference for a chance to touch base with other people in the computer industry.
为了寻找机会了解计算机行业其他人的近况，他参加了会议。
2 base /ˈbeɪs/ verb
bases; based; basing [+ object] : to have a particular place as the main place where a person works or lives or where a business operates以…为总部（或据点、大本营）；驻扎
They are going to base their new company in Seattle.
他们打算把新公司的总部设在西雅图。
The company has based itself in London.
这家公司把总部设在伦敦。
Our tour group based itself in a hotel in the heart of the city.
我们旅行团在市中心的一家宾馆里安顿了下来。
— often used as (be) based常用作(be) based
The company is based in London. [=the company’s main offices are in London] 这家公司的总部在伦敦。
The band was based in Chicago until recently.
直到不久前，这支乐队的大本营还在芝加哥。
a London-based company
一家总部在伦敦的公司
base on/upon [phrasal verb] base (something) on/upon (something)
: to form, make, or develop (something, such as an opinion, decision, or calculation) by using (something, such as information) as a basis, starting point, etc.基于；以…为基础
You’ve based your opinion on faulty information. = Your opinion is based on faulty information. [=the information that you used to form your opinion is wrong] 你的意见是建立在错误的情报上的。
The interest rate is based on credit history. [=credit history is used to determine the interest rate] 利率是根据信用记录来决定的。
The story is based on real-life events. [=the story was developed from real-life events] 这个故事是以真实事件为基础的。
The island’s economy is based on tourism.
岛上的经济支柱是旅游业。
3 base /ˈbeɪs/ adjective
1
[also more base; most base] formal + literary baser; basest : not honest or good不诚实的；不良的；卑鄙的
base motives
不良的动机
a base criminal
卑鄙的罪犯
2
technical, of a metal : having low quality and value（金属）低质的，不值钱的
Iron is a base metal.
铁是低质金属。
— basely adverb
He acted basely.
他行为卑劣。
— baseness noun [noncount] the baseness of his actions
他行为的卑劣