avoid

一、真题好句
avoid 义务阶段1500 全国卷频次:20
/əˈvɔɪd/
v. avoids 0 avoiding 2 avoided 3
避免，防止，撤消

高考真题原句提选：
When you want to avoid interruptions at work, there are several ways to handle things.
To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in the station.
But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.

二、词组｜习惯用语
avoid doing 避免做某事；逃避…

三、词根记忆

avoid
vt.
防止,避免;逃避,避開Thanks to the bankrupt banker, my ankle avoided an injury.多虧那位破產的銀行家,我的腳踝免受傷害.
v.
回避(a+void→空出來→回避)[vac,van,void=empty,表示”空”]

avoid / E5vCid /
verb
1. to prevent sth bad from happening
避免；防止:
▪ [VN] The accident could have been avoided.
这个事故本来是可以避免的。
They narrowly avoided defeat.
他们险些遭击败了。
The name was changed to avoid confusion with another firm.
改名是为了避免和另一家公司混淆。
▪ [VN -ing] They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away.
他们建了一堵墙防止土壤流失。
2. to keep away from sb / sth; to try not to do sth
回避；避开；躲避:
▪ [VN] He’s been avoiding me all week.
整整一个星期他一直在回避我。
She kept avoiding my eyes (= avoided looking at me).
她总是躲避我的目光。
I left early to avoid the rush hour.
我早早动身以避开交通高峰时刻。
▪ [V -ing] I’ve been avoiding getting down to work all day.
我一整天都刻意不投入工作。
You should avoid mentioning his divorce.
你应该避免提及他离婚的事。
3. [VN] to prevent yourself from hitting sth
避免撞到(某物):
I had to swerve to avoid a cat.
为了避免轧到一只猫,我只好猛然将车转向。
IDIOMS
▪ avoid sb / sth like the ‘plague (informal) to try very hard not to meet sb, do sth, etc.
像避瘟疫似地躲着某人(或某事物)；尽量避开某人(或某事物)
⇨ more at trap n.

avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ ●●● S2 W1 verb [transitive] 1  to prevent something bad from happening 避免，防止
Road safety is taught to young children to avoid road accidents.
小孩子受到道路安全知识的教育，以避免交通事故。
It is important to take measures to avoid the risk of fire.
采取措施避免火灾风险很重要。
avoid doing something
The refugees left to avoid getting bombed.
难民为躲避轰炸纷纷离去。
Alan narrowly avoided an accident.
艾伦险出事故。
2  to stay away from someone or something, or not use something 躲避，避开
Everyone seemed to be avoiding Nick.
似乎所有人都在躲着尼克。
She carefully avoided his eyes (=did not look directly at his face).
她小心地避开他的目光。
Pregnant women should avoid certain foods such as raw eggs.
孕妇应当戒吃生鸡蛋之类的食物。
Why did you speak to him? You usually avoid him like the plague (=try hard to avoid him).
你怎么同他说话了？你平时像躲瘟神一样躲着他的。
3  to deliberately not do something, especially something wrong, dangerous, or harmful 逃避
There are ways of legally avoiding taxes.
有多种方法可以合法避税。
avoid doing something
You should avoid over-spending in the first half of the year.
上半年你应避免超支。
 THESAURUS
Origin avoid (1300-1400) Old French esvuidier, from vuidier “to empty”

avoid ★★★★☆
1.VERB 动词避免,防止（坏事发生） If you avoid something unpleasant that might happen, you take action in order to prevent it from happening.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V -ing
The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster…

飞行员不得不采取紧急措施避免灾难的发生。

Women have to dress modestly, to avoid being harassed by the locals.

女士穿着应当庄重，以免受到当地人的骚扰。

2.VERB 动词避免（做…） If you avoid doing something, you choose not to do it, or you put yourself in a situation where you do not have to do it.

【语法信息】：V -ing

【语法信息】：V n
By borrowing from dozens of banks, he managed to avoid giving any of them an overall picture of what he was up to…

他向许多银行借款，使得任何一家都搞不清楚他到底要做什么。

He was always careful to avoid embarrassment.

他总是小心谨慎地避免尴尬。

3.VERB 动词躲开（人、事物）；回避（话题） If you avoid a person or thing, you keep away from them. When talking to someone, if you avoid the subject, you keep the conversation away from a particular topic.

【语法信息】：V n
She eventually had to lock herself in the toilets to avoid him…

她最后只好把自己锁在厕所里来躲开他。

All through lunch he had carefully avoided the subject of the house.

整个午饭期间，他一直在小心翼翼地回避房子的话题。

4.VERB 动词（人或车改变方向）避让 If a person or vehicle avoids someone or something, they change the direction they are moving in, so that they do not hit them.

【语法信息】：V n
The driver had ample time to brake or swerve and avoid the woman.

司机有足够的时间刹车或急转弯，来避开那个女人。

5. to avoid someone or something like the plague→see: plague;
Usage Note :
When you try not to do something, you say that you avoid doing it, not that you ‘avoid to do it’. This leaflet tells you how to avoid getting ill. If you want to suggest that you cannot stop yourself from doing something, you should use the expression can’t help. I’m sorry, I can’t help being suspicious… Nobody liked her to cough, but she couldn’thelp it. If you prevent something, you do something to ensure that it does not happen. They must take urgent action to prevent a famine. If you prevent accidents or diseases, you stop them from happening. If you avoid accidents or diseases, you succeed in not having them or catching them. …a rope that prevented her from falling. …a sound recommendation for avoiding cancer. Note that you do not use prevent when telling people about danger. The word you use is warn, and you can warn people about or of a danger. You can also warn them that something is happening or warn them to do something. I warned her about the hole in the floor… She warned me to stay away.

当表示避免做某事时，用avoid doing it, 不能用avoid to do it。例如：This leaflet tells you how to avoid getting ill（这个小册子指导人们如何预防疾病）。如果想表示情不自禁地做某事，用短语can’t help。例如：I’m sorry, I can’t help being suspicious（对不起，我忍不住要表示怀疑），Nobody liked her to cough, but she couldn’t help it（大家都不希望她咳嗽，但她忍不住）。prevent意为防止某事发生，例如：They must take urgent action to prevent a famine（他们必须立即采取行动预防饥荒）。prevent后接事故或疾病，表示防止其发生。avoid后接事故或疾病，表示成功地避免受影响或感染。例如：a rope that prevented her from falling（让她不至于摔倒的绳子），a sound recommendation for avoiding cancer（预防癌症的合理建议）。注意，在告诉别人有危险时，不用prevent，而用warn。警告某人某事要发生或告诫某人做某事也可用warn。例如：I warned her about the hole in the floor (我提醒她地上有个洞), She warned me to stay away (她警告我离远点儿)。

avoid /əˈvoɪd/ verb
avoids; avoided; avoiding [+ object] 1
: to stay away from (someone or something)避开；回避
Why do you keep avoiding me?
你为什么总躲着我？
She took a detour to avoid the heavy traffic.
她绕行以避开交通堵塞。
They successfully avoided each other for days.
他们成功地相互回避了多日。
2
: to prevent the occurrence of (something bad, unpleasant, etc.)防止（不好的、不愉快的事情）发生；避免
He tried hard to avoid accidents.
他尽量避免发生事故。
We need to avoid further delays.
我们需要避免再次耽搁。
avoid embarrassment
避免尴尬
He was caught trying to avoid arrest.
他试图躲避追捕时被发现了。
in an effort to avoid confusion
试图避免混淆
3
: to keep yourself from doing (something) or participating in (something)避免
I’m not going to be late if I can avoid it.
如果可以避免的话，我不想迟到。
How can I avoid paying too much tax?
我怎样才能避免缴太多的税？
I am trying to avoid showing any hint of favoritism.
我尽量避免表露出任何偏袒。
— avoidable /əˈvoɪdəbəl/ adjective
It was a foolish and easily avoidable accident.
这是一起愚蠢的、可以轻易避免的事故。
an avoidable conflict/risk
可以避免的冲突/风险