average

一、真题好句
average 高中必修500 全国卷频次:16 教材出处:译林版必修B2U2
/ˈævərɪdʒ/
a.&n. averages 0 averaging 0 averaged 0
一般的，普通的；平均的 & 平均水平；平均数；一般水准
高考真题原句提选：
Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.
On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight.
Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight.

二、词组｜习惯用语
an average of 平均是…
an average 一般说来；平均起来
on average 平均；普通，通常
average level 平均水平，平均能级
average price 平均价格
moving average 移动平均数
average temperature 平均温度
average age 平均年龄
above the average 在一般水平(或平均数)以上
average value 平均值
on the average 平均而言；一般说来
below the average 在一般水平(或平均数)以下;在一般水平以下，中下;
weighted average [数]加权平均数
annual average 年平均；累年平均
average number 平均数，平均值
above average 平均以上；在一般水准以上
average cost [经]平均成本；[计]平均代价
average rate 平均价格；平均汇率
average power 平均功率
dow jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数

三、词根记忆

average
n.
平均,平均數a.平均的;普通的v.平均If you carry the cabinet of cabbage garbage to the garage, you’ll get an average wage.如果你把這櫥櫃包菜垃圾扛進了汽車庫,你將獲得一份平均工資.

average
[ˈav(ə)rɪdʒ] ,average ‘out
■to result in a fair or equal amount over a period of time or after several occasions达到平均；结果公平；持平:
Sometimes I do the cooking and sometimes my flatmate does. It averages out over a month }(= results in us each doing the same amount of cooking)&b{.
有时我做饭，有时同住的人做饭。一个月下来我们做饭的次数一样多。
[G]v+adv
,average sth ‘out (at sth)
■to calculate the average of sth算出…的平均数(为):
If you average it out, there’s one car stolen every three minutes.
算起来平均每三分钟就有一辆汽车失窃。
The tax authorities averaged out his profit at ￡10 000 a year over five years.
税务局算出他五年的平均收益为每年1万英镑。
[G]v+adv+n ◆ v+n/pron+adv
,average ‘out at sth
■to have a particular amount as the average over a period of time平均数为:
The time she spends practising the piano averages out at about an hour a day.
她练钢琴的时间是平均每天大约一小时。
[G]v+adv+prep

aver·age / 5AvEridV /
adjective
1. [only before noun] calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts
平均的:
an average rate / cost / price
平均费率/成本/价格
Average earnings are around £20 000 per annum.
年平均收入约为 2 万英镑。
at an average speed of 100 miles per hour
以平均每小时 100 英里的速度
2. typical or normal
典型的；正常的:
40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.
对大多数人来说,一周工作 40 小时是相当正常的。
children of above / below average intelligence
高于/低于一般智力的儿童
£20 for dinner is about average.
花 20 英镑吃正餐算是价格一般。
3. ordinary; not special
普通的；平常的；一般的:
I was just an average sort of student.
我只是一个普通的学生。
• aver·age·ly adv.:
He was attractive and averagely intelligent.
他讨人喜欢,智力一般。
noun
[C, U] 1. the result of adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts
平均数:
The average of 4, 5 and 9 is 6.
4、5、9 三个数的平均数是 6。
Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys.
父母为孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为 220 元。
If I get an A on this essay, that will bring my average (= average mark / grade) up to a B+.
如果我的这篇论文得 A,我的平均成绩就会提高到 B+。
⇨ see also grade point average
2. a level which is usual
平均水平；一般水准:
Temperatures are above / below average for the time of year.
温度高于/低于此时的年平均温度。
400 people a year die of this disease on average.
平均每年有 400 人死于这种疾病。
Class sizes in the school are below the national average.
这所学校班上的人数少于全国平均数。
IDIOMS
⇨ see law
verb
1. [VN] [no passive] to be equal to a particular amount as an average
平均为:
Economic growth is expected to average 2% next year.
明年经济增长预计平均可达 2%。
Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour (= to have that as their average speed).
估计伦敦的驾车者平均时速为 12 英里。
2. to calculate the average of sth
计算出…的平均数:
▪ [VN] Earnings are averaged over the whole period.
所计算的是整个时期的平均收入。
▪ [also V] PHRASAL VERBS
▪ 7average ‘out (at sth)
to result in an average amount over a period of time or when several things are considered
平均数为:
The cost should average out at about £6 per person.
费用应该是平均每人约 6 英镑。
Sometimes I pay, sometimes he pays—it seems to average out (= result in us paying the same amount).
有时我付钱,有时他付钱——看来两相持平。
▪ 7average sth ↔ ‘out (at sth)
to calculate the average of sth
计算出…的平均数

average1 /ˈævərɪdʒ/ ●●● S2 W2 adjective
1  the average amount is the amount you get when you add together several quantities and divide this by the total number of quantities 平均（数）的
The age of the candidates ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37.
候选人的年龄29岁至49岁不等，平均37岁。
The average cost of making a movie has risen by 15%.
制作一部影片的平均成本上升了15%。
Last winter was colder than average.
去年冬天比平常冷。
The cars were being sold at an average price of $11,000.
这些汽车的平均售价是1.1万美元。
2  an average amount or quantity is not unusually big or small 〔数量〕中等的，适中的
They have an average-size front garden and a large rear garden.
他们有一个中等大小的前院和一个大后院。
of average height/build/intelligence etc
He was in his late twenties and of average height.
他年近三十，中等个头。
3  having qualities that are typical of most people or things 平常的，普通的
The average American has not even thought about next year’s election.
普通的美国人甚至还没有想过明年的选举。
In an average week I drive about 250 miles.
平常我每周开车约250英里。
► see thesaurus at normal
4. neither very good nor very bad 不好不坏的，一般的
average2 ●●● S2 W2 noun
1  [countable] the amount calculated by adding together several quantities, and then dividing this amount by the total number of quantities 平均数
average of
The average of 3,8, and 10 is 7.
3, 8, 10的平均数为7。
Each person raised an average of £60 to plant an acre of trees.
平均每个人筹集60英镑来种一英亩的树。
The December figures brought the annual average for 2001 up to 10.6 per cent.
12月的数据将2001年的年平均水平提升到10.6%。
2  on average based on a calculation about how many times something usually happens, how much money someone usually gets, how often people usually do something etc 平均来看
On average, men still earn more than women.
平均来看，男性仍比女性挣得多。
Nearly 80% of Swiss citizens on average turn out to vote.
平均有近80%的瑞士公民参加投票。
3  [countable, uncountable] the usual level or amount for most people or things 平均水平
Streets in the town centre are wider than the average.
市中心的街道比一般的要宽阔。
above/below average
The school’s eighth-graders are above average in science.
该校八年级学生的自然科学水平高于平均水平。
The murder rate in the city has risen to four times the national average.
这座城市的凶杀案发案率已升至全国平均水平的四倍。
→ law of averages at law(9)
average3 ●●○ verb
1  [linking verb] to usually do something or usually happen a particular number of times, or to usually be a particular size or amount 平均为
The water in the lake is not particularly deep, averaging about 12 metres.
湖水不是很深，平均约为12米。
The airport averages about a thousand flights a month.
那座机场每月平均约有1,000架次航班。
Inflation averaged just under 2.8% per year.
通货膨胀每年平均略低于2.8%。
2  [transitive] to calculate the average of figures 算出…的平均数
The rate of growth was averaged over a period of three years.
这个增长率是3年的平均值。
3 average out phrasal verb
Origin average2 (1700-1800) average “(fair sharing out of costs resulting from) damage to or loss of a ship or the goods it carries” ((15-20 centuries)), from French avarie, from Arabic ‘awariyah “damaged goods”

average ★★★★☆
1.N-COUNT 可数名词平均数；均值 An average is the result that you get when you add two or more numbers together and divide the total by the number of numbers you added together.
Take the average of those ratios and multiply by a hundred.

算出那些比率的平均值再乘以100。

Average is also an adjective.
The average price of goods rose by just 2.2%…

商品平均价格只上涨了2.2％。

Of America’s million millionaires in 1985, the average age was 63.

1985年美国上百万的百万富翁的平均年龄是63岁。

2.N-SING 单数名词约数;平均值 You use average to refer to a number or size that varies but is always approximately the same.

【搭配模式】：a N of amount
It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed.

售出一幢房子平均需要10周的时间。

3.ADJ 形容词一般的;通常的;普通的 An average person or thing is typical or normal.

【搭配模式】：ADJ n
The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day…

普通成年男子每天消耗的热量为1,500到2,000卡路里。

Packaging is about a third of what is found in an average British dustbin.

英国垃圾桶里平均约有1/3是产品包装。

4.N-SING 单数名词正常数量;一般水平 An amount or quality that is the average is the normal amount or quality for a particular group of things or people.

【搭配模式】：the N
Most areas suffered more rain than usual, with Northern Ireland getting double the average for the month.

大部分地区降雨超过通常水平，北爱尔兰地区本月的降水量则为平均值的两倍。

Average is also an adjective.
£2.20 for a beer is average.

一杯啤酒价格通常为2.2英镑。

…a woman of average height.

一个中等身材的妇女

5.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词普通的；寻常的；一般的 Something that is average is neither very good nor very bad, usually when you had hoped it would be better.
I was only average academically.

我的学习成绩一般。

averagely
Most children are not geniuses or stars. They just do averagely well…

大多数孩子既不是天才也不是明星，他们只是表现平平。

The songs are performed averagely, although the band seem to be enjoying themselves.

歌曲演唱得很一般，不过乐队好像很自我陶醉。

6.VERB 动词（一段时间内）平均值为 To average a particular amount means to do, get, or produce that amount as an average over a period of time.

【语法信息】：V n
We averaged 42 miles per hour.

我们的平均时速是每小时42英里。

…pay increases averaging 9.75%.

9.75％的工资平均增长幅度

7.PHRASE 短语平均起来；按平均值 You say on average or on an average to indicate that a number is the average of several numbers.

【搭配模式】：PHR with cl
American shares rose, on average, by 38%…

美国股票价格平均上涨了38％。

On an average we would be spending £300 per day.

平均下来，我们每天要花费300英镑。

8.PHRASE 短语基本上；大体上 If you say that something is true on average, you mean that it is generally true.

【搭配模式】：PHR with cl
On average, American firms remain the most productive in the world.

总体来讲，美国公司在全球范围内还是产值最高。

9. law of averages→see: law;
相关词组：
average out

1 average /ˈævrɪʤ/ noun
plural averages
1
: a number that is calculated by adding quantities together and then dividing the total by the number of quantities平均数
[count] The average of 16, 8, and 6 is 10.
*16、8和6的平均数是10。
Take all these temperatures and find their average.
把这些温度都测一下，算出它们的平均数。
An average of 2,000 people attended the show each night.
平均每晚有2000人观看了这场演出。
[noncount] Prices have increased on average about eight percent.
价格平均增长百分之八。
On average, women live longer than men.
女性平均比男性寿命长。
(US) He saves on the average about five percent of his income.
他平均把收入的百分之五存起来。
— see also grade point average, the law of averages at law
2
: a level that is typical of a group, class, or series : a middle point between extremes平均水平
[noncount] His work has been better/worse than average. = His work has been above/below average.
他的工作表现一直高于/低于平均水平。
[count] His work has been above the average.
他的工作表现一直高于平均水平。
3
[count] baseball : batting average
2 average /ˈævrɪʤ/ adjective
1
: calculated by adding quantities together and then dividing by the number of quantities平均的
Take all these temperatures and find the average temperature.
把这些温度都测一下，并算出平均温度。
The investment had a higher average return.
这项投资有较高的平均回报。
The average age of the company’s employees is 36.
这家公司的员工平均年龄是36岁。
2
: ordinary or usual普通的；一般的；平常的
The average woman lives longer than the average man.
普通女性比普通男性寿命长。
Do you know what the average person earns?
你知道一般人挣多少钱吗？
an average day
普通的一天
the average American family/home buyer
普通的美国家庭/住房购买者
— often used informally with your常与your连用，非正式用法
He’s just your average guy. [=he is a typical or ordinary guy] 他只是个普通人。
It wasn’t your average snowstorm. [=it was worse than an ordinary snowstorm] 这不是一场普通的暴风雪。
He’s not your average salesman. [=he is unusual] 他可不是一般的销售人员。
3
a : not unusually large or small不大不小的；中等的
Sales were about average for the industry on the whole.
销售额大约达到了整个行业的中等水平。
b : not unusually good or bad不好不坏的；一般的
Average grades are not good enough to get you into graduate school.
成绩平平就无法考取研究生。
She was an average student.
她是一名中等生。
She thought the performance was just average.
她觉得这场演出的水平一般。
3 average /ˈævrɪʤ/ verb
averages; averaged; averaging [+ object] 1
: to have (a specified number) as an average平均为
The children in that class average four feet in height. [=the average height of the children is 4 feet] 那个班级的孩子们平均身高是四英尺。
Her daily commute averages 40 minutes. [=the average length of her daily commute is 40 minutes] 她每天的上下班通勤平均要花40分钟。
We average six calls a day. [=we get six calls a day on average] 我们平均一天接听六个电话。
2
: to calculate the average of (something)计算平均值
The teacher averaged the students’ grades.
老师计算了学生的平均分数。
What figure do you get when you average the amount of rainfall for the last three months?
算一下最近三个月的降雨量的平均值，得出什么结果？
average out [phrasal verb] 1
: to produce a result that is even and balanced when looked at over a period of time达到平均数；达到平衡状态
The irregularities averaged out over the course of the study.
整个研究过程中，不规则呈均衡分布。
Sometimes you win, and sometimes you lose. It all averages out [=evens out] in the end.
你有时赢，有时输。最终会扯平。
2
average out to (something) : to be equal to (a specified average amount) over a period of time平均值为
The gain averaged out to 20 percent.
利润平均为20%。