acquire

一、真题好句
acquire 高中必修500 全国卷频次:2 教材出处:译林版必修B1U1
/əˈkwaɪə(r)/ /əˈkwaɪər/
v. acquires 0 acquiring 0 acquired 0
获得，学到
高考真题原句选：
It’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skill?
Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration.
Although it’s commonly believed that the arts can only be naturally acquired, actually, learning the arts is no more natural than learning French or mathematics.

二、习惯用语

acquires 取得; 获得;
acquiring v. 获得；习得（acquire 的现在分词）
acquired susceptibility 获得感病性
acquired assets 既得资产
acquired character 后天属性；[植] 获得性状
acquired hernia 后天性疝
acquired trait 获得的特质；习得特质
acquired immunity [免疫] 后天免疫；[免疫] 获得免疫性
acquired taste 嗜好；爱好
acquire knowledge 获取知识

三、辨析

acquire, achieve, attain, earn, gain, get, obtain, secure, win

这组词的共同意思是“取得; 获得”。其区别是：

1.除secure是正式用词外,其余各词均为一般用词。

2.achieve主要指取得成功、成就或实现预期目的; acquire主要指逐渐获得知识、能力、荣誉等; attain主要指达到重要目标或获得珍贵的东西; earn凭借功劳赚得或获得工资、报酬、荣誉、赞赏等; gain主要指获得或赢得有一定价值的东西; get指以各种方式获得各种所需或不需之物; obtain指获得所需之物或达到预期目的; secure指得到渴望或竞争性的东西; win指在竞争、比赛、争论或战斗中击败对手而赢得胜利或获得人们的爱戴〔好感〕等。

3.achieve指克服困难之后而获得; acquire, attain, earn指通过努力而获得; gain指通过巨大努力而获得; obtain多指通过长期努力而获得,有时也指无须经过努力; 其他各词不强调通过努力与否; get可指通过各种方式获得; earn还指凭借功劳而赚得; win还指通过作出优异成绩而赢得。

4.achieve强调结果; acquire强调量的增加; attain含有达到完美地步的意味; gain强调所获得之物能够造成的优势; obtain强调愿望得到满足; secure强调有把握或成功地获得。

5.get是这组同义词中的最常用词,可指主动争取,也可指被动接受,有时不一定需要很大努力就能获得; acquire指持续,慢慢地获得,强调过程; 而earn, gain都强调经过艰苦努力而获得的这一结果, gain比obtain所付出的努力还要大些; win则指在竞赛中或战斗中赢得或获得胜利,可以通过努力获得,也可以偶然获得。例如:

He did not get what he had earned他未获得他应得到的东西。

The ability to use a language can be acquired by the act of using the language.运用语言的能力,只能通过不断练习才能获得。

She gained rich experience in teaching.她获得了丰富的教学经验。

I’ve got your telegram.我已经收到了你的电报。

We wished to obtain first-hand information.我们要能得到第一手情报就好了。

Industry won him his success.勤奋使他获得了成功。

6.acquire的宾语多为知识、技能等; earn的宾语多为金钱、荣誉等理应得到的东西; obtain的宾语多为期望已久的东西; gain的宾语多为经验、利益、优势、好处等; 而win的宾语则为比赛、战斗等; get的宾语则比较广泛,即既可以是具体的东西,也可以是抽象的事物。例如:

He got what he had earned.他获得了他应得到的东西。

You must work hard to acquire good knowledge of English.你要用功,以便精通英语。

Our firm has gained a good reputation.我们公司赢得了好名声。

Then I’ll go and get you a chair.我去给你拿把椅子来。

At last, he obtained his father’s pardon.他终于得到了父亲的原谅。

They won the basketball match.他们打赢了这场篮球赛。

7.这组动词都可跟简单宾语。get, earn, gain, obtain, secure和win可跟双宾语; secure还可跟wh-从句; win还可跟含不定式的复合宾语。此外, gain和win有时还可用作不及物动词。acquire和attain常跟抽象名词。

8.attain常用于庄重场合。win语气比gain强。

四、词形变化

acquirability n. 可得,可获得
acquirable adj. 可得的,可获得的
acquired adj. 后天的；获得的

ac·quire / E5kwaiE(r) /
verb
[VN] (formal)
1. to gain sth by your own efforts, ability or behaviour
(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得,得到:
She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
她英语已经学得很好。
He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.
他得到了奸诈的名声。
I have recently acquired a taste for olives.
我最近开始喜欢吃橄榄了。
2. to obtain sth by buying or being given it
购得；获得；得到:
The company has just acquired new premises.
公司刚购得新办公楼。
I’ve suddenly acquired a stepbrother.
我突然有了一个继兄弟。
IDIOMS
▪ an acquired ‘taste
a thing that you do not like much at first but gradually learn to like
养成的爱好:
Abstract art is an acquired taste.
要慢慢培养才会欣赏抽象艺术。

acquire /əˈkwaɪə $ əˈkwaɪr/ ●●○ W2 AWL verb [transitive] 1  formal to obtain something by buying it or being given it 购得，得到
Manning hoped to acquire valuable works of art as cheaply as possible.
曼宁希望以尽可能低的价格买到有价值的艺术品。
She has acquired an email address and a site on the World Wide Web.
她获得了一个电子邮件地址和万维网网址。
► see thesaurus at buy
2  to get or gain something 取得，获得
The college acquired a reputation for very high standards.
那所学院以学术水平高而闻名。
Register
3  to gain knowledge or learn a skill 学到，获得〔知识、技能〕
He spent years acquiring his skills as a surgeon.
他花了许多年时间学习外科医生的技能。
Elsie acquired a good knowledge of Chinese.
埃尔茜汉语学得很好。
► see thesaurus at get
4  acquire a taste for something to begin to like something 开始喜欢某事物
She had acquired a taste for European beer.
她喜欢上了欧洲啤酒。
5. an acquired taste something that people only begin to like after they have tried it a few times 逐渐养成的爱好
Origin acquire (1400-1500) Old French aquerre, from Latin acquirere, from ad- “to” + quaerere “to look for, obtain”

acquire ★★★☆☆
1.VERB 动词获得；购得 If you acquire something, you buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V n from n

【语法信息】：V-ed

【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式
General Motors acquired a 50% stake in Saab for about $400m…

通用汽车公司以大约4亿美元的价格购得了萨博汽车公司50%的股份。

I recently acquired some wood from a holly tree…

最近我从一棵冬青树上弄了些木料。

She was sitting in her newly-acquired wheelchair.

她正坐在新买的轮椅上。

2.VERB 动词获得（技能）；养成（习惯） If you acquire something such as a skill or a habit, you learn it, or develop it through your daily life or experience.

【语法信息】：V n

【语法信息】：V-ed
I’ve never acquired a taste for wine…

我一向喝不惯葡萄酒。

Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to trainee teachers.

读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。

3.VERB 动词获得，得到（某种名声） If someone or something acquires a certain reputation, they start to have that reputation.

【语法信息】：V n
He has acquired a reputation as this country’s premier solo violinist.

他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。

4.PHRASE 短语后天养成的爱好;培养出来的兴趣 If you describe something as an acquired taste, you mean that a lot of people do not like it when they first experience it, but often start to like it more when they get to know it better.

【搭配模式】：usu v-link PHR
Broad beans are very much an acquired taste…

要慢慢适应才能吃得惯蚕豆。

Living alone is an acquired taste.

独处是一种修得的境界。

acquire /əˈkwajɚ/ verb
acquires; acquired; acquiring [+ object] 1
formal : to get (something) : to come to own (something)得到；拥有
They’re planning to acquire [=buy] a new home in the country.
他们打算在乡下置办一个新家。
He acquired [=got, inherited] a small fortune after the death of her parents.
她的父母去世后他得到了一小笔财产。
The two ships were acquired by the navy after the war.
战后这两艘船由海军所得。
The team acquired three new players this year.
今年这个队新增了三名队员。
: to come to have (something)获得；具有
She dreamed of acquiring [=gaining, getting] control of the company.
她梦想能得到公司的控制权。
When I saw her next she had somehow managed to acquire a few cuts and bruises. [=she had a few cuts and bruises] 接着，当我看到她时，不知怎的她有了几处伤口和瘀青。
The old word has acquired a new meaning.
这个旧词有了新的意义。
This apparently minor event has acquired increasing significance in recent weeks.
这一看似很小的事件在最近几周得到了越来越多的关注。
2
: to gain (a new skill, ability, etc.) usually by your own effort（通过自身努力）掌握，获得
She quickly acquired [=gained] fluency in French.
她很快就能讲一口流利的法语。
He is studying the way that language is acquired by children.
他正在研究儿童习得语言的方法。
acquire knowledge
获得知识
He has acquired a reputation as a careful/careless worker. [=people regard him as a careful/careless worker] 大家都知道他是个细心/粗心的工人。
◊ When people acquire a taste for something, they like something that they did not like before.开始喜欢
Although he usually avoided unusual foods, he eventually began to acquire a taste for raw fish.
尽管他通常不吃另类的食物，他最终还是喜欢上了吃生鱼片。
◊ An acquired taste is something or someone that is not easily or immediately liked.培养的爱好；逐渐喜欢上的东西（人）
Brussels sprouts are an acquired taste for many people.
许多人是慢慢才喜欢上吃芽甘蓝的。
I admit that she is something of an acquired taste, but I think her art is wonderful.
我承认人们不会一开始就喜欢她，不过我认为她的艺术才能很优秀。