abuse
- n. 滥用；恶习
- vt. 滥用；辱骂；虐待
考点牛津朗文柯林韦氏
一、词义理解
abuse
vt.
濫用;辱罵;詆毀n.濫用;虐待I used to abuse the unusual usage, but now I’m not used to doing so.我過去常濫用這個不尋常的用法,但我現在不習慣這樣做.
濫用(ab+use用→用壞→濫用)[ab-,abs-加在詞根前,表示”相反,變壞,離去”等]
v.
濫用,謾罵(ab壞+use→不好用→濫用)[us,ut=use,表示”用”]
二、习惯用语
drug abuse 药物滥用；毒品滥用
child abuse 虐待儿童，摧残儿童
substance abuse 物质滥用；滥用药物
sexual abuse 性虐待
abuse of power 滥用权力
alcohol abuse 酒精滥用，酗酒
physical abuse 躯体虐待；身体伤害；外观损坏
verbal abuse 言语虐待；口头谩骂；说粗话，用污言秽语
sex abuse 性虐待（等于sexual abuse）
emotional abuse 精神虐待
abusenoun/ E5bju:s /
1. [U, sing.] ~ (of sth) the use of sth in a way that is wrong or harmful
滥用；妄用
SYN misuse :
alcohol / drug / solvent abuse
酗酒；嗜毒；嗜吸胶毒
He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.
他因被控贪污腐化和滥用职权而遭逮捕。
The system of paying cash bonuses is open to abuse (= might be used in the wrong way).
支付现金红利制度可能被人钻空子。
What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.
她的所作所为是滥用经理职权。
2. [U, pl.] unfair, cruel or violent treatment of sb
虐待:
child abuse
虐待儿童
sexual abuse
性虐待
reported abuses by the secret police
已举报的秘密警察虐待行为
She suffered years of physical abuse.
她遭受了多年的肉体摧残。
3. [U] rude and offensive remarks, usually made when sb is very angry
辱骂；恶语:
to scream / hurl / shout abuse
高声谩骂；破口大骂；大声辱骂
a stream / torrent of abuse
不断辱骂；劈头盖脸一通臭骂
SYN insultsverb/ E5bju:z /
▪ [VN] 1. to make bad use of sth, or to use so much of sth that it harms your health
滥用:
to abuse alcohol / drugs
酗酒；嗜毒
He systematically abused his body with heroin and cocaine.
他因吸服海洛因和可卡因一步一步地把身体搞垮了。
2. to use power or knowledge unfairly or wrongly
滥用,妄用(权力、所知所闻):
She abused her position as principal by giving jobs to her friends.
她滥用自己作为校长的职权,把工作安排给朋友们。
He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press (= tricked him, although he had trusted them).
他觉得他们向报界透露有关他的情况是辜负了他的信任。
3. to treat a person or an animal in a cruel or violent way, especially sexually
虐待；性虐待；伤害:
All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.
所有这些儿童的身心都受到了摧残。
He had abused his own daughter (= had sex with her).
他曾奸污了自己的亲生女儿。
The boy had been sexually abused.
这个男孩曾遭受过性虐待。
4. to make rude or offensive remarks to or about sb
辱骂；恶语伤人；诋譭
SYN insult :
The referee had been threatened and abused.
裁判遭到了恐吓和谩骂。
• ab·user noun:
a drug abuser
嗜毒者
a child abuser
虐待儿童者
1. [U, sing.] ~ (of sth) the use of sth in a way that is wrong or harmful
滥用；妄用
SYN misuse :
alcohol / drug / solvent abuse
酗酒；嗜毒；嗜吸胶毒
He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.
他因被控贪污腐化和滥用职权而遭逮捕。
The system of paying cash bonuses is open to abuse (= might be used in the wrong way).
支付现金红利制度可能被人钻空子。
What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.
她的所作所为是滥用经理职权。
2. [U, pl.] unfair, cruel or violent treatment of sb
虐待:
child abuse
虐待儿童
sexual abuse
性虐待
reported abuses by the secret police
已举报的秘密警察虐待行为
She suffered years of physical abuse.
她遭受了多年的肉体摧残。
3. [U] rude and offensive remarks, usually made when sb is very angry
辱骂；恶语:
to scream / hurl / shout abuse
高声谩骂；破口大骂；大声辱骂
a stream / torrent of abuse
不断辱骂；劈头盖脸一通臭骂
SYN insultsverb/ E5bju:z /
▪ [VN] 1. to make bad use of sth, or to use so much of sth that it harms your health
滥用:
to abuse alcohol / drugs
酗酒；嗜毒
He systematically abused his body with heroin and cocaine.
他因吸服海洛因和可卡因一步一步地把身体搞垮了。
2. to use power or knowledge unfairly or wrongly
滥用,妄用(权力、所知所闻):
She abused her position as principal by giving jobs to her friends.
她滥用自己作为校长的职权,把工作安排给朋友们。
He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press (= tricked him, although he had trusted them).
他觉得他们向报界透露有关他的情况是辜负了他的信任。
3. to treat a person or an animal in a cruel or violent way, especially sexually
虐待；性虐待；伤害:
All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.
所有这些儿童的身心都受到了摧残。
He had abused his own daughter (= had sex with her).
他曾奸污了自己的亲生女儿。
The boy had been sexually abused.
这个男孩曾遭受过性虐待。
4. to make rude or offensive remarks to or about sb
辱骂；恶语伤人；诋譭
SYN insult :
The referee had been threatened and abused.
裁判遭到了恐吓和谩骂。
• ab·user noun:
a drug abuser
嗜毒者
a child abuser
虐待儿童者
abuse1 /əˈbjuːs/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun
1 [plural, uncountable] cruel or violent treatment of someone 虐待
several cases of child abuse
数宗虐待儿童案
physical/sexual/racial abuse
Many children suffer racial abuse at school.
许多孩子在学校遭受种族虐待。
An independent committee will look into alleged human rights abuses.
一个独立委员会将对涉嫌践踏人权的行为进行调查。
2 [countable, uncountable] the use of something in a way that it should not be used 滥用 SYN misuse
abuse of
government officials’ abuse of power
政府官员的滥用职权
A self-monitoring tax system is clearly open to abuse (=able to be used wrongly).
自我监督的税收制度明显会被滥用。
alcohol/drug abuse (=the practice of drinking too much or taking illegal drugs) 酗酒/吸毒
→ solvent abuse
3 [uncountable] rude or offensive things that someone says when they are angry 辱骂，谩骂
vandalism and verbal abuse directed at old people
破坏公共财物和辱骂老人
a torrent/stream of abuse (=a series of rude or angry words) 一通臭骂
shout/hurl/scream abuse at somebody
The other driver started hurling abuse at me.
另外一个司机朝我破口大骂起来。
→ a term of abuse at term1(3)
abuse2 /əˈbjuːz/ ●●○ verb [transitive]
1 to treat someone in a cruel and violent way, often sexually 虐待；性虐待
sexually/physically abused
She was sexually abused as a child.
她小时候遭到过性虐待。
2 to deliberately use something for the wrong purpose or for your own advantage 滥用，妄用
Williams abused his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends.
威廉斯滥用市长权力，给不少朋友安排了工作。
Morris abused the trust the firm had shown in him.
莫里斯辜负了公司对他的信任。
people who abuse the system
滥用这一制度的人
abuse alcohol/drugs
The proportion of drinkers who abuse alcohol is actually quite small.
饮酒者中酗酒的人所占的比例实际上很小。
3 to say rude or offensive things to someone 辱骂，谩骂 SYN insult
Many soldiers in Belfast are verbally abused.
许多驻扎在贝尔法斯特的士兵遭到辱骂。
He came to the help of another driver who was being racially abused by three white passengers.
他前去帮助另一个遭三名白人乘客用种族歧视言语谩骂的司机。
4 to treat something so badly that you start to destroy it 伤害；摧残
James abused his body for years with heroin and cocaine.
詹姆斯吸食海洛因和可卡因多年，糟蹋了自己的身体。
Origin abuse2
(1400-1500) French abuser, from Latin abusus, past participle of abuti, from ab- “away” + uti “to use”
abuse ★★★★☆
The noun is pronounced /ə’bjuːs/. The verb is pronounced /ə’bjuːz/. 名词读作 /ə’bjuːs/。动词读作 /ə’bjuːz/。
1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词虐待；凌辱 Abuse of someone is cruel and violent treatment of them.
【搭配模式】：also N in pl
- …investigation of alleged child abuse.
对涉嫌虐童案的调查
- …victims of sexual and physical abuse.
遭受性虐待及肉体摧残的受害者
- …controversy over human rights abuses.
关于践踏人权的争议
2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词辱骂;恶语 Abuse is extremely rude and insulting things that people say when they are angry.
- I was left shouting abuse as the car sped off…
汽车飞驰而去，留下我在那里大声咒骂。
- Raft repeatedly hurled verbal abuse at his co-star.
拉夫特不断地破口大骂和他联合主演的演员。
3.N-VAR 可变名词滥用；妄用 Abuse of something is the use of it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose.
【搭配模式】：with supp
- What went on here was an abuse of power.
这里所发生的事是一种滥用职权的行为。
- …drug and alcohol abuse.
嗜毒和酗酒
4.VERB 动词虐待;凌辱;伤害 If someone is abused, they are treated cruelly and violently.
【语法信息】：be V-ed
【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：V-ed
- Janet had been abused by her father since she was eleven.
珍妮特从11岁起就遭受父亲虐待。
- …parents who feel they cannot cope or might abuse their children.
认为自己应付不来或可能会虐待孩子的父母
- …those who work with abused children.
从事帮助受虐儿童的工作的人们
abuser
- …a convicted child abuser.
已定罪的虐童犯
5.VERB 动词辱骂;侮辱 You can say that someone is abused if extremely rude and insulting things are said to them.
【语法信息】：be V-ed
【语法信息】：Also V n
- He alleged that he was verbally abused by other soldiers.
他宣称自己遭到其他士兵的辱骂。
6.VERB 动词滥用；妄用 If you abuse something, you use it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose.
【语法信息】：V n
- He showed how the rich and powerful can abuse their position.
他让我们看到有钱有势的人是如何滥用其地位的。
abuser
- …the treatment of alcohol and drug abusers.
对酗酒和嗜毒者的治疗
abuse /əˈbjuːz/ verb
abuses; abused; abusing
[+ object]
1
: to treat (a person or animal) in a harsh or harmful way虐待（人或动物）
-
He abused [=mistreated] his wife both mentally and physically.他从精神上和肉体上虐待妻子。
-
abuse a dog虐狗
-
He was accused of sexually/physically/psychologically abusing a child.他被指控对一名儿童实施性/肉体/精神虐待。
2
: to use or treat (something) in a way that causes damage摧残，糟蹋（某物）
-
He abused his body with years of heavy drinking.他长年酗酒，把身体给搞垮了。
-
He had abused his first car by not taking care of it.他对自己的第一辆车很不爱惜，把车毁得很厉害。
3
: to use (something) wrongly滥用；辜负
-
abuse [=misuse] a privilege滥用特权
-
She abused her friend’s trust.她辜负了朋友的信任。
-
a senator who abuses his power滥用职权的议员
-
He abused my confidence by letting this secret be known.他泄露了这个秘密，辜负了我的信任。
4
: to use too much of (a drug, alcohol, etc.)滥用（药物、酒精等）
-
a drug that is abused by many people被很多人滥用的一种药物。
-
He was known to abuse alcohol.他酗酒是众所周知的事。
5
: to attack (someone) in words辱骂；咒骂
-
The fans were verbally abusing the referee.球迷们正在辱骂裁判。
— abused
adjective
-
providing help for abused children/women向被虐待儿童/妇女提供援助
— abuser
noun, plural abusers [count]
-
a child abuser虐待儿童者
-
officeholders who are abusers of privilege滥用特权的公务人员
-
alcohol/cocaine/drug/substance abusers酗酒者；可卡因成瘾者；嗜毒者；滥用药物者
2 abuse /əˈbjuːs/ noun
plural abuses
1
: the act or practice of abusing someone or something虐待；摧残: such as
a : harmful treatment of a person or animal（对人或动物的）虐待
[noncount]
-
He subjected his wife to physical and emotional abuse.他让妻子遭受了身心的双重摧残。
-
child abuse虐童
-
sexual abuse性虐待
[plural]
-
The government has been accused of human rights abuses. [=of violating the basic rights of people by treating them wrongly]政府被控侵犯人权。
b [noncount] : the use or treatment of something in a way that causes damage（对某物的）摧残，糟蹋
-
his abuse [=mistreatment] of his body through poor eating habits他因不良饮食习惯对自己身体的摧残。
-
These toys can stand up to a lot of abuse. [=can be handled roughly without being damaged]这些玩具很禁摔。
c : the act or practice of using something wrongly滥用
[noncount]
-
the governor’s abuse [=misuse] of his power/privileges州长对权力/特权的滥用
[count]
-
the buying of votes and other election abuses贿选和其他的选举舞弊行为
d [noncount] : the act or practice of using too much of a drug, alcohol, etc.（对药物、酒精等的）滥用
-
abuse of alcohol酗酒
-
drug/substance abuse嗜毒；药物滥用
2
[noncount] : harsh and insulting language辱骂；咒骂
-
She was subjected to every term of abuse her boss could think of.她遭到了老板的辱骂，老板把能想到的骂人话都用上了。
-
a torrent/stream of verbal abuse一顿臭骂
-
The prisoner hurled/shouted/screamed abuse at the judge.那个囚犯对法官破口大骂。
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