absent
- adj. 缺席的；不在的；缺乏的
- vt. 使缺席
考点牛津朗文柯林韦氏
一、习惯用语
absent from 缺席
absent minded 健忘的
absent from work 旷工；缺勤
二、辨析
be absent from, be absent in
- 这两个短语在接表示地点的名词时,含意不同：be absent from的意思是“不在…(地方)”; be absent in的意思是“在某地,而不在说话人所在地”。试比较：
- He was absent from London.
- 他不在伦敦。
- He was absent in London.
- 他不在这里,而在伦敦。
三、变形
absent -> absence n. 缺席
ab·sentadjective/ 5AbsEnt /
1. ~ (from sth) not in a place because of illness, etc.
缺席；不在:
to be absent from work
缺勤
OPP present
2. ~ (from sth) not present in sth
不存在；缺少:
Love was totally absent from his childhood.
他童年时根本没有受到疼爱。
OPP present
3. showing that you are not really looking at or thinking about what is happening around you
心不在焉的；出神的:
an absent expression
心不在焉的神情
⇨ see also absentlyverb/ Ab5sent /
[VN] ~ yourself (from sth) (formal) to not go to or be in a place where you are expected to be
缺席；不参加；不在:
He had absented himself from the office for the day.
这一天他没有去办公室上班。
1. ~ (from sth) not in a place because of illness, etc.
缺席；不在:
to be absent from work
缺勤
OPP present
2. ~ (from sth) not present in sth
不存在；缺少:
Love was totally absent from his childhood.
他童年时根本没有受到疼爱。
OPP present
3. showing that you are not really looking at or thinking about what is happening around you
心不在焉的；出神的:
an absent expression
心不在焉的神情
⇨ see also absentlyverb/ Ab5sent /
[VN] ~ yourself (from sth) (formal) to not go to or be in a place where you are expected to be
缺席；不参加；不在:
He had absented himself from the office for the day.
这一天他没有去办公室上班。
absent1 /ˈæbsənt/ ●●● W2 adjective
1 not at work, school, a meeting etc, because you are sick or decide not to go 缺席的，不在的 OPP present
absent from
students who are regularly absent from school
经常缺课的学生
2 if someone or something is absent, they are missing or not in the place where they are expected to be 缺乏的，不在场的
absent parent/father
plans to force absent fathers to pay child maintenance
强制不和小孩生活在一起的父亲支付抚养费的计划
absent from
Local women were conspicuously absent (=obviously not there) from the meeting.
当地妇女缺席会议，众目昭彰。
3 [only before noun] a look etc that is absent shows you are not paying attention to or thinking about what is happening 心不在焉的 → absently
The dull, absent look on her face implied boredom.
她脸上呆滞、茫然的神情说明她觉得无聊了。
absent2 /əbˈsent, æb- $ æb-/ verb [transitive] formal
absent yourself (from something) formal to not go to a place or take part in an event where people expect you to be 缺席，不参加
Origin absent1
(1300-1400) Old French Latin, present participle of abesse, from ab- “away” + esse “to be”
absent ★★☆☆☆
The adjective and preposition are pronounced /’æbsənt/. The verb is pronounced /æb’sent/. 形容词和介词读作 /’æbsənt/。动词读作 /æb’sent/。
1.ADJ 形容词不在的；缺席的 If someone or something is absent from a place or situation where they should be or where they usually are, they are not there.
【搭配模式】：usu v-link ADJ
- He has been absent from his desk for two weeks…
他已经有两个星期没有坐在办公桌前了。
- The pictures, too, were absent from the walls…
那些画也不在墙上了。
- Any soldier failing to report would be considered absent without leave and punished accordingly.
士兵若未报到将被视为擅离职守而受处分。
2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词出神的;心不在焉的 If someone appears absent, they are not paying attention because they are thinking about something else.
- ‘Nothing,’ Rosie said in an absent way.
“没什么，”罗茜心不在焉地说。
absently
- He nodded absently.
他漫不经心地点了点头。
3.ADJ 形容词（父或母）不与子女一起住的 An absent parent does not live with his or her children.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n
- …absent fathers who fail to pay towards the costs of looking after their children.
那些不在子女身边、未能支付抚养费的父亲
4.VERB 动词使不在，使离开（本应在或通常在的地方） If someone absents themselves from a place where they should be or where they usually are, they do not go there or they do not stay there.
【语法信息】：V pron-refl from n
【语法信息】：V pron-refl
【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式
- She was old enough to absent herself from the lunch table if she chose…
她长大了，可以自己做主不来吃午餐了。
- He pleaded guilty before a court martial to absenting himself without leave.
在军事法庭上他对自己擅离职守表示服罪。
5.PREP 介词若没有；假设没有 If you say that absent one thing, another thing will happen, you mean that if the first thing does not happen, the second thing will happen.
【语域标签】：AM 美
【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式
- Absent a solution, people like Sue Godfrey will just keep on fighting.
假如得不到解决，像休·戈弗雷这样的人就会一直坚持斗争下去。
1 absent /ˈæbsənt/ adjective
1
: not present at a usual or expected place缺席的；不在场的
-
They were talking about absent friends. [=friends who were not there]他们当时在谈论着不在场的朋友们。
-
an absent father who is not home most of the time大部分时间都不在家的父亲
-
The soldier was absent without leave. [=AWOL; absent without having permission to be absent]这个士兵擅离职守。
-
Most of the executives attended the meeting, but the company president was conspicuously absent. [=conspicuous by his absence; it was very noticeable that the company president was not there]大部分高管都出席了会议，可是公司总裁却没有出席，这一点非常引人注目。
— often + from
-
She was absent from work/school on three occasions.她旷工/旷课三次。
2
: not present at all : not existing不存在的；没有的
-
a gene that occurs in mammals but that is absent in birds哺乳动物具有而鸟类没有的一种基因
-
a landscape in which vegetation is almost entirely absent一张几乎看不到一点植物的风景画
— sometimes + from
-
Vegetation is almost entirely absent from the landscape.这张风景画上几乎看不到一点植物。
3
always used before a noun : showing that a person is thinking about something else : showing a lack of attention to what is happening or being said心不在焉的；注意力不集中的
-
He made an absent reply to her question as he continued to watch the TV.他看着电视漫不经心地回答了她的问题。
-
There was an absent [=distracted] look on her face.她看起来心不在焉。
— absently
adverb
-
He replied absently to her question.他漫不经心地回答了她的问题。
2 absent /æbˈsɛnt/ verb
absents; absented; absenting
absent yourself
formal
: to go or stay away from something缺席；离开；不在场
-
He absented himself from the meeting.他没有参加会议。
3 absent /ˈæbsənt/ preposition
US, formal
: in the absence of (something) : without缺乏；没有
-
Absent any objections, the plan will proceed.计划没有受到任何反对，将继续进行。
-
Absent such an agreement we can go no further.缺乏这样一个协定我们就没法继续。
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